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Hemiplegia Laríngea Em Cavalos De Desporto: Abordagem E Sucesso Dos Tratamentos
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| 1.94 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A hemiplegia laríngea é uma disfunção progressiva comum das vias aéreas em cavalos. Algumas raças,
como os puro-sangue ou cavalos de tração, são predispostas a apresentar esta anomalia. A condição
afeta mais o nervo laríngeo recorrente esquerdo e compromete a função do músculo Cricaritenóideo
Dorsal (CAD), reduzindo a área de superfície da rima glottidis. A hemiplegia laríngea direita e bilateral
também existe, mas representa apenas 4% dos casos. Os cavalos de desporto exibem uma diminuição
do fluxo de ar e um aumento da resistência das vias respiratórias, resultando em perda de
performance, intolerância ao exercício e ruído respiratório característico durante o exercício. O
diagnóstico nem sempre é possível, pois a endoscopia durante o exercício é pouco acessível. No
entanto, outros meios de diagnóstico são disponíveis, como endoscopia em repouso e a ecografia. O
tratamento quase sempre envolve cirurgia, sendo que a técnica mais utilizadas é a laringoplastia
associada à ventrículocordectomia. A principal desvantagem desta técnica cirúrgica é a perda da
abdução pós-cirúrgica, mas em caso de falha, a aritenoidectomia sempre pode ser utilizada como
solução recurso. Técnicas como o transplante de nervo são mais conservativa da fisiologia da laringe,
estando atualmente em desenvolvimento e podem melhorar o sucesso dos tratamentos no futuro.
Laryngeal hemiplegia is a common progressive respiratory dysfunction in horses. Some breeds, such as thoroughbreds or draft horses, are predisposed to this anomaly. The condition primarily affects the left recurrent laryngeal nerve and impairs the function of the dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle, resulting in a reduction in the surface area of the rima glottidis. There are also right and bilateral laryngeal hemiplegia, but these only account for 4% of cases. Sport horses exhibit reduced airflow and increased airway resistance, which leads to reduced performance, exercise intolerance and characteristic breathing noises during exertion. The diagnosis is not always easy to make as exercise endoscopy is not readily available. However, there are other diagnostic methods, such as resting endoscopy and ultrasound examination. Treatment always involves surgery, with the most commonly used technique being laryngoplasty combined with ventriculocordectomy. The main problem with this operation is the postoperative loss of abduction, but in case of failure, arytenoidectomy can always be used as a substitute solution. Techniques such as nerve grafting, which take better account of the physiology of the larynx, are currently being developed and could improve treatment success in the future.
Laryngeal hemiplegia is a common progressive respiratory dysfunction in horses. Some breeds, such as thoroughbreds or draft horses, are predisposed to this anomaly. The condition primarily affects the left recurrent laryngeal nerve and impairs the function of the dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle, resulting in a reduction in the surface area of the rima glottidis. There are also right and bilateral laryngeal hemiplegia, but these only account for 4% of cases. Sport horses exhibit reduced airflow and increased airway resistance, which leads to reduced performance, exercise intolerance and characteristic breathing noises during exertion. The diagnosis is not always easy to make as exercise endoscopy is not readily available. However, there are other diagnostic methods, such as resting endoscopy and ultrasound examination. Treatment always involves surgery, with the most commonly used technique being laryngoplasty combined with ventriculocordectomy. The main problem with this operation is the postoperative loss of abduction, but in case of failure, arytenoidectomy can always be used as a substitute solution. Techniques such as nerve grafting, which take better account of the physiology of the larynx, are currently being developed and could improve treatment success in the future.
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Keywords
Laringe Puro-Sangue Endoscopia Cirurgia Performance De corrida Neuropatia Laríngea Recorrente Larynx Thoroughbred Endoscopy Surgery Racing Performance Recurrent Laryngeal Neuropathy