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Promoção da resiliência em mães de bebés hospitalizados numa UTI neonatal
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Resumo: A resiliência é uma temática ainda pouco explorada no contexto da
parentalidade e ajustamento à maternidade no pós-parto sendo, no entanto, inúmeros os
desafios e adversidades que a família em geral, e as mães que acompanham os/as seus/suas
bebés durante o internamento numa Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN), em
particular, têm que enfrentar. Resiliência refere-se à superação do sujeito perante uma
adversidade encontrada, a qual é considerada como um risco, mas que constitui também
uma possibilidade de elaborar novas perspectivas de vida com o enfrentamento de situações
estressantes e/ou traumáticas. Ou seja, não representa a eliminação da situação adversa, mas
proporciona uma possibilidade de ressignificar o sentido da vida. O presente trabalho,
partindo da questão de investigação «Quais os principais fatores promotores da resiliência
em mães que acompanham os/as seus/suas filhos/as na (UTIN)?», teve como objetivos: I)
Identificar e analisar fatores promotores da resiliência em mães que acompanham os seus
recém-nascidos numa Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN); II) Conceber,
implementar e avaliar um programa de educação em resiliência no grupo de mães em estudo.
Teve como participantes um grupo de 20 mães, com idades entre os 18 a 36 anos, que
acompanharam os/as seus/suas filhos/as recém-nascidos/as durante o internamento numa
UTIN. Utilizou como instrumentos de colheita de dados um questionário de autoavaliação da
resiliência das mães em estudo, elaborado pela autora, que foi aplicado antes e após a
intervenção educativa desenhada (na qual se contemplaram 6 sessões de educação para a saúde
no âmbito da resiliência com as participantes). Os principais resultados do estudo, demonstram
que com as intervenções educativas realizadas se verificaram melhorias principalmente ao
nível da autoestima ( com 100% das participantes a referir “sentir amor por si”, 100% a referir
que “a sua vida tem significado”, e 95% que já conseguem encontrar no seu dia a dia algo
que as faça rir”), bem como noutros fatores aqui estudados e considerados como relevantes
na literatura para a promoção de adaptações resilientes (independência e determinação e
autoconfiança e capacidade de adaptação, referindo no final, 95% das participantes sentir agora
“confiança em si para ajudá-las a ultrapassar tempos difíceis). Concluiu-se, também que, no
final das atividades educativas as participantes já tinham uma visão mais ampla da sua própria
resiliência, manifestaram bem-estar e ter sido vantajosa a sua participação neste estudo, com
o qual se puderam também conhecer melhor. Vale ressaltar, que é importante desenvolver
intervenções relacionadas com a promoção da resiliência (individual e coletiva), para alcançar
o bem-estar físico e psicossocial, em diferentes contextos e perante diversas adversidades ao
longo da vida. Também considera a autorreflexividade (enquanto capacidade de analisar e
avaliar as suas próprias ações), como uma característica relevante na promoção da resiliência
humana, sendo também algo que se considera ter alcançado com o presente projeto.
Abstract: Resilience is a subject still little explored in the context of parenting and adjustment to motherhood in the postpartum. However, there are numerous challenges and adversities that the family in general, and the mothers who accompany their babies during the period. hospitalization in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), in particular, they have to face. Resilience refers to the subject's overcoming in the face of an adversity encountered, which is considered a risk, but which is also a possibility to develop new perspectives of life by coping with stressful and/or traumatic situations. In other words, it does not represent the elimination of the adverse situation, but it provides a possibility to reframe the meaning of life. The present work, starting from the research question «What are the main factors promoting resilience in mothers who accompany their children in the NICU?», aimed to: I) Identify and analyze factors that promote resilience in mothers who accompany their newborns in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU); II) Design, implement and evaluate a resilience education program in the group of mothers under study. Participants were a group of 20 mothers, aged between 18 and 36 years, who accompanied their newborn children during hospitalization in a NICU. A self-assessment questionnaire on the resilience of the mothers under study, developed by the author, was used as data collection instruments, which was applied before and after the educational intervention designed (in which 6 sessions of health education within the scope of resilience with the participants). The main results of the study demonstrate that with the educational interventions carried out there were improvements mainly in terms of self-esteem (with 100% of the participants reporting "feeling love for themselves", 100% reporting that "their life has meaning", and 95% who can already find in their daily lives something to make them laugh"), as well as other factors studied here and considered relevant in the literature for the promotion of resilient adaptations (independence and determination and self-confidence and adaptability, referring to end, 95% of participants now feel “confidence in themselves to help them overcome difficult times). It was also concluded that, at the end of the educational activities, the participants already had a broader view of their own resilience, expressed well-being and that their participation in this study was advantageous, with which they could also get to know each other better. It is noteworthy that it is important to develop interventions related to the promotion of resilience (individual and collective), to achieve physical and psychosocial well-being, in different contexts and in the face of different adversities throughout life. It also considers self-reflexivity (as an ability to analyze and evaluate its own actions) as a relevant feature in promoting human resilience, and it is also something that is considered to have achieved with this project.
Abstract: Resilience is a subject still little explored in the context of parenting and adjustment to motherhood in the postpartum. However, there are numerous challenges and adversities that the family in general, and the mothers who accompany their babies during the period. hospitalization in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), in particular, they have to face. Resilience refers to the subject's overcoming in the face of an adversity encountered, which is considered a risk, but which is also a possibility to develop new perspectives of life by coping with stressful and/or traumatic situations. In other words, it does not represent the elimination of the adverse situation, but it provides a possibility to reframe the meaning of life. The present work, starting from the research question «What are the main factors promoting resilience in mothers who accompany their children in the NICU?», aimed to: I) Identify and analyze factors that promote resilience in mothers who accompany their newborns in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU); II) Design, implement and evaluate a resilience education program in the group of mothers under study. Participants were a group of 20 mothers, aged between 18 and 36 years, who accompanied their newborn children during hospitalization in a NICU. A self-assessment questionnaire on the resilience of the mothers under study, developed by the author, was used as data collection instruments, which was applied before and after the educational intervention designed (in which 6 sessions of health education within the scope of resilience with the participants). The main results of the study demonstrate that with the educational interventions carried out there were improvements mainly in terms of self-esteem (with 100% of the participants reporting "feeling love for themselves", 100% reporting that "their life has meaning", and 95% who can already find in their daily lives something to make them laugh"), as well as other factors studied here and considered relevant in the literature for the promotion of resilient adaptations (independence and determination and self-confidence and adaptability, referring to end, 95% of participants now feel “confidence in themselves to help them overcome difficult times). It was also concluded that, at the end of the educational activities, the participants already had a broader view of their own resilience, expressed well-being and that their participation in this study was advantageous, with which they could also get to know each other better. It is noteworthy that it is important to develop interventions related to the promotion of resilience (individual and collective), to achieve physical and psychosocial well-being, in different contexts and in the face of different adversities throughout life. It also considers self-reflexivity (as an ability to analyze and evaluate its own actions) as a relevant feature in promoting human resilience, and it is also something that is considered to have achieved with this project.
Description
Keywords
Resiliência psicológica Proteção Risco Educação em saúde Maternidades Unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal