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A saúde mental é fundamental para um bom desempenho dos cidadãos e um tema de importância ímpar para a enfermagem. Em todo o mundo, as necessidades em saúde mental são elevadas, mas as respostas são insuficientes e inadequadas. A saúde mental é a base do bem-estar geral e diz respeito a um nível de qualidade de vida cognitiva ou emocional ou a ausência de uma doença mental, sendo uma das principais causas de mortalidade e morbilidade. A vivência com problemas de saúde mental está associada a uma menor taxa de sucesso dos indivíduos no local de trabalho, com maiores probabilidades de desemprego e absentismo. Dentro das perturbações mentais, a depressão é muito comum e incapacitante, com um impacto marcante na saúde pública em geral, e na qualidade de vida das pessoas em particular. Um dos sintomas nucleares da depressão é a persistência de “humor depressivo”. Este é um foco de intervenção da área de enfermagem. Na realização dos estágios integrados na frequência do Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica, a que se reporta este Relatório, considerou-se pertinente intervir de forma particular na intervenção psicoterapêutica “Modificação Comportamental” e especificamente na pessoa com humor depressivo. Nos diferentes contextos de Estágio, procedeu-se à identificação e implementação de várias técnicas de modificação do comportamento com os utentes, para que eles adquirissem estratégias para lidar com o humor depressivo. Sobre esta temática foi também realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura, através da análise de 25 estudos publicados entre 2014 e 2024. Este relatório de Estágio tem como objetivo geral demonstrar a aquisição de competências do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica e Mestre durante os diferentes estágios realizados de 03 de junho de 2024 a 25 de janeiro de 2025, nomeadamente: contexto de comunidade; internamento psiquiátrico de agudos, em adultos; e de Respostas Diferenciadas. Durante os três Estágios foi desenvolvido um processo de raciocínio clínico com uma lógica centrada no processo de cuidados de Enfermagem Especializados em Saúde Mental e Psiquiátrica, desde a avaliação inicial, ao planeamento de cuidados, à implementação das intervenções e até à avaliação de resultados. Com a realização dos estágios foi possível adquirir competências especificas na área da enfermagem de saúde mental e psiquiátrica, permitindo identificar, mobilizar e implementar as mesmas, obtendo resultados terapêuticos para os utentes. É essencial reconhecer a importância da saúde mental como um componente crítico da saúde global. Investir em saúde mental não visa apenas melhorar o bem-estar individual, também beneficia a sociedade como um todo por meio da prevenção de doenças mentais.
Mental health is fundamental to the well-being of citizens and a topic of unique importance for nursing. Worldwide, mental health needs are high, but responses are insufficient and inadequate. Mental health is the foundation of general well-being and refers to a level of cognitive or emotional quality of life or the absence of mental illness, being one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Experiencing mental health problems is associated with a lower success rate in the workplace, with a higher likelihood of unemployment and absenteeism. Among mental disorders, depression is very common and disabling, with a significant impact on public health in general and on people's quality of life in particular. One of the core symptoms of depression is persistent "depressed mood." This is a focus of intervention in the nursing field. During the internships integrated into the Master's program in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, which this Report covers, it was considered pertinent to specifically address the psychotherapeutic intervention "Behavioral Modification," specifically with individuals experiencing depressed mood. In the different internship contexts, various behavior modification techniques were identified and implemented with patients, helping them acquire strategies to manage their depressed mood. A narrative review of the literature was also carried out on this topic, through the analysis of 25 studies published between 2014 and 2024. This Internship report has the general objective of demonstrating the acquisition of skills of the Specialist Nurse in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing and Master during the different internships carried out from June 3, 2024 to January 25, 2025, namely: community context; acute psychiatric hospitalization in adults; and Differentiated Responses During the three internships, a clinical reasoning process was developed with a logic centered on the Specialized Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing care process, from the initial assessment, to care planning, to intervention implementation, and even outcome evaluation. The internships enabled the acquisition of specific skills in mental health and psychiatric nursing, enabling the identification, mobilization, and implementation of these skills, achieving therapeutic outcomes for patients. It is essential to recognize the importance of mental health as a critical component of overall health. Investing in mental health not only improves individual well-being but also benefits society as a whole through the prevention of mental illness.
Mental health is fundamental to the well-being of citizens and a topic of unique importance for nursing. Worldwide, mental health needs are high, but responses are insufficient and inadequate. Mental health is the foundation of general well-being and refers to a level of cognitive or emotional quality of life or the absence of mental illness, being one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Experiencing mental health problems is associated with a lower success rate in the workplace, with a higher likelihood of unemployment and absenteeism. Among mental disorders, depression is very common and disabling, with a significant impact on public health in general and on people's quality of life in particular. One of the core symptoms of depression is persistent "depressed mood." This is a focus of intervention in the nursing field. During the internships integrated into the Master's program in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, which this Report covers, it was considered pertinent to specifically address the psychotherapeutic intervention "Behavioral Modification," specifically with individuals experiencing depressed mood. In the different internship contexts, various behavior modification techniques were identified and implemented with patients, helping them acquire strategies to manage their depressed mood. A narrative review of the literature was also carried out on this topic, through the analysis of 25 studies published between 2014 and 2024. This Internship report has the general objective of demonstrating the acquisition of skills of the Specialist Nurse in Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing and Master during the different internships carried out from June 3, 2024 to January 25, 2025, namely: community context; acute psychiatric hospitalization in adults; and Differentiated Responses During the three internships, a clinical reasoning process was developed with a logic centered on the Specialized Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing care process, from the initial assessment, to care planning, to intervention implementation, and even outcome evaluation. The internships enabled the acquisition of specific skills in mental health and psychiatric nursing, enabling the identification, mobilization, and implementation of these skills, achieving therapeutic outcomes for patients. It is essential to recognize the importance of mental health as a critical component of overall health. Investing in mental health not only improves individual well-being but also benefits society as a whole through the prevention of mental illness.
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Enfermagem de saúde mental e psiquiátrica Humor depressivo Intervenções Psicoterapêuticas Modificação do Comportamento health and psychiatric nursing Depressive mood Psychotherapeutic interventions Behavior modification
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