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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Com uma grande envolvente a nível mundial, o rápido desenvolvimento e aumento da
tecnologia na última década, levou os sistemas de navegação por satélite a imporem-se cada vez mais no mercado internacional, mais propriamente para uso civil, face às necessidades de posicionamento e referência de tempo nas mais diversas áreas de atividade. Devido a isso, os Estados detentores destes sistemas têm-se empenhado em aumentar e fortalecer os seus serviços, de forma a garantir um elevado grau de disponibilidade e rigor. No âmbito militar, é expectável que continue o ritmo de desenvolvimento, que venham a colmatar exíguas falhas, a fim de utilizá-los ao máximo das suas capacidades operacionais, nomeadamente em sistemas de armas guiados, capacidades anti-jamming, ou ainda, na monitorização de panorama para fins estratégicos e táticos. No sector marítimo é um instrumento útil e fundamental na maioria das novas aplicações criadas para a navegação e que permitem, para além de acompanhar e identificar navios, proporcionar ajuda aos centros de busca e salvamento, no âmbito da Convenção SOLAS (Safety Of Life At Sea). A vulgaridade com que se utiliza atualmente e a rapidez com que se desenvolveu o GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), deixa passar despercebido o intenso trabalho de investigação que foi sendo realizado desde o último século. Para conhecer o GNSS, as suas capacidades e tendências de desenvolvimento futuro é necessário refletir sobre o passado e conhecer os detalhes dos sistemas que o compõem. Esta dissertação assenta, essencialmente, numa parte descritiva de todos os sistemas até agora criados, como são compostos e a forma como providenciam os serviços de posicionamento. Para além da componente descritiva, este trabalho também contém uma componente de programação e análise de dados, através da criação de um programa para o processamento de dados GNSS em modo cinemático, com aplicação a trabalhos em curso no âmbito de projetos de investigação da Escola Naval.
With a large global wraparound, the fast development and improved technology in the last decade, led the satellite navigation systems increasingly impose themselves in the international markets, more specifically for civil use, to face the positioning demands and time reference in wide activity areas. Because of this, the States who detain these systems have been committed to increase and strengthen their services, in order to provide them with a high degree of availability and accuracy. In the military context, it’s expected which continue the development rhythm, to fill gaps, in order to use them on maximum of their operational and unique capabilities, particularly in weapons guidance systems, anti-jamming capabilities, or, in the monitoring of the picture for strategic and tactical purposes. In the maritime sector, it is a useful and fundamental tool in most of the new applications created for the navigation and that allow, in addition to the monitored and identify ships, assistance to search and rescue centers, in scope of the SOLAS (Safety Of Life At Sea) Convention. The vulgarity with that it’s currently used and the quickness with which the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) was developed, let pass unnoticed the intense research work that was being carried out since the last century. To get to know the GNSS, their capabilities and trends of future development it is necessary to reflect on the past and know details of its systems components. This dissertation is based, essentially, in a descriptive part of all systems created until now, how they are composed and how they provide the positioning services. In addition to the descriptive part, this work also contains a programming and data analysis component, through the creation of a program for the GNSS data processing in kinematic mode, with application in ongoing works of research projects of the Escola Naval.
With a large global wraparound, the fast development and improved technology in the last decade, led the satellite navigation systems increasingly impose themselves in the international markets, more specifically for civil use, to face the positioning demands and time reference in wide activity areas. Because of this, the States who detain these systems have been committed to increase and strengthen their services, in order to provide them with a high degree of availability and accuracy. In the military context, it’s expected which continue the development rhythm, to fill gaps, in order to use them on maximum of their operational and unique capabilities, particularly in weapons guidance systems, anti-jamming capabilities, or, in the monitoring of the picture for strategic and tactical purposes. In the maritime sector, it is a useful and fundamental tool in most of the new applications created for the navigation and that allow, in addition to the monitored and identify ships, assistance to search and rescue centers, in scope of the SOLAS (Safety Of Life At Sea) Convention. The vulgarity with that it’s currently used and the quickness with which the GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) was developed, let pass unnoticed the intense research work that was being carried out since the last century. To get to know the GNSS, their capabilities and trends of future development it is necessary to reflect on the past and know details of its systems components. This dissertation is based, essentially, in a descriptive part of all systems created until now, how they are composed and how they provide the positioning services. In addition to the descriptive part, this work also contains a programming and data analysis component, through the creation of a program for the GNSS data processing in kinematic mode, with application in ongoing works of research projects of the Escola Naval.
Description
Keywords
GNSS, GPS Toolkit, Navegação, Posicionamento, Tempo GNSS, GPS Toolkit, Navigation, Positioning, Time