Loading...
Publication
Mecanismos de defesa como mediadores da associação entre polivitimização e sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em adolescentes quenianos
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 658.53 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Existe evidências consistentes na literatura que suportam o facto de que
crianças que sejam expostas a acontecimentos potencialmente traumáticos, de uma
forma continua, apresentam maior vulnerabilidade de desenvolvimento de maior
gravidade dos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão na adolescência. Os mecanismos de
defesa podem ter um papel nuclear na associação entre aquelas variáveis,
nomeadamente enquanto mediador da associação. O objetivo da presente dissertação é
analisar a associação entre a exposição direta e indireta a acontecimentos
potencialmente traumáticos e os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em adolescentes
quenianos e o papel mediador dos mecanismos de defesa nas associações entre a
exposição direta e indireta em relação à gravidade dos sintomas de depressão e de
ansiedade. A amostra foi constituída por 477 adolescentes quenianos, que preencheram
questionários de autorrelato validados para a língua inglesa que é a língua oficial do
país. Os dados foram analisados através do teste de modelos de equações estruturais
efetuando-se o teste de modelos múltiplos em série segundo os procedimentos de
Preacher e Hayes (2008). Os resultados indicaram que uma maior exposição a
acontecimentos potencialmente traumáticos diretos está relacionada com níveis mais
elevados de sintomas de depressão e uma maior exposição indireta a acontecimentos
potencialmente traumáticos está relacionada com níveis mais elevados de sintomas de
ansiedade. Os modelos múltiplos em série indicaram que níveis mais elevados de
exposição direta a acontecimentos potencialmente traumáticos estavam associados a
níveis mais elevados de mecanismos de defesa imaturos, que, por sua vez estavam
associados a níveis mais elevados de sintomas de ansiedade e depressão. Os resultados
obtidos na presente Dissertação sugerem que uma maior exposição direta a acontecimentos potencialmente traumáticos está significativamente a uma maior
utilização de mecanismos de defesa imaturos que parecem constituir fatores de
vulnerabilidade no aumento dos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em adolescentes
quenianos.
There is a conscious trend in the literature that supports the fact that children who are continuously exposed to potentially traumatic events are more vulnerable to developing more severe symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescence. Defense mechanisms may play a central role in the association between those variables, namely as a mediator of the association. The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the association between direct and indirect exposure to potentially traumatic events and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Kenyan adolescents and the mediating role of defense mechanisms in the associations between direct and indirect exposure in relation to the severity of symptoms of depression and anxiety. The sample consisted of 477 Kenyan adolescents, who completed self-report questionnaires validated for the English language, which is the official language of the country. The data were analyzed using the structural equation model test, carrying out the test of multiple models in series according to the procedures of Preacher and Hayes (2008). The results indicated that greater exposure to direct potentially traumatic events is related to higher levels of depression symptoms and greater indirect exposure to potentially traumatic events is related to higher levels of anxiety symptoms. Serial multiple models indicated that higher levels of direct exposure to potentially traumatic events were associated with higher levels of immature defense mechanisms, which in turn were associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. The results obtained in the present Dissertation suggest that a greater direct exposure to potentially traumatic events is significantly associated with a greater use of immature defense mechanisms that seem to constitute vulnerability factors in the increase of anxiety and depression symptoms in Kenyan adolescents.
There is a conscious trend in the literature that supports the fact that children who are continuously exposed to potentially traumatic events are more vulnerable to developing more severe symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescence. Defense mechanisms may play a central role in the association between those variables, namely as a mediator of the association. The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the association between direct and indirect exposure to potentially traumatic events and symptoms of anxiety and depression in Kenyan adolescents and the mediating role of defense mechanisms in the associations between direct and indirect exposure in relation to the severity of symptoms of depression and anxiety. The sample consisted of 477 Kenyan adolescents, who completed self-report questionnaires validated for the English language, which is the official language of the country. The data were analyzed using the structural equation model test, carrying out the test of multiple models in series according to the procedures of Preacher and Hayes (2008). The results indicated that greater exposure to direct potentially traumatic events is related to higher levels of depression symptoms and greater indirect exposure to potentially traumatic events is related to higher levels of anxiety symptoms. Serial multiple models indicated that higher levels of direct exposure to potentially traumatic events were associated with higher levels of immature defense mechanisms, which in turn were associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. The results obtained in the present Dissertation suggest that a greater direct exposure to potentially traumatic events is significantly associated with a greater use of immature defense mechanisms that seem to constitute vulnerability factors in the increase of anxiety and depression symptoms in Kenyan adolescents.
Description
Keywords
Acontecimentos potencialmente traumáticos Adolescentes Mecanismos de defesa Ansiedade Depressão