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Por que os polícias decidem parar um veículo em operações noturnas: estudo em contexto real
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| 1.45 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Diariamente o decisor policial é obrigado a tomar decisões com implicações práticas para si, para o cidadão e para a organização. Atuando num ambiente complexo, volátil e incerto, sujeito a limitações cognitivas e temporais, o decisor emprega um conjunto de estratégias cognitivas que simplificam o processo de tomada de decisão. A presente investigação insere-se na linha de investigação “tomada de decisão na atividade policial”, em curso no Laboratório de Grandes Eventos do Centro de Investigação do Instituto Superior de Ciências Policiais e Segurança Interna e tem como objetivo compreender como os polícias, da Esquadra de Fiscalização Técnica da Divisão de Trânsito do Comando Metropolitano de Lisboa, decidem mandar parar um veículo durante uma operação de fiscalização de trânsito noturna, em ambiente real. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, em contexto naturalístico, no qual foram acompanhados 20 polícias muito experientes, do género masculino, em oito operações de fiscalização de trânsito noturnas. A recolha de dados ocorreu através da técnica pensar alto estimulado retrospetivamente e de um guião de entrevista. Os dados recolhidos foram submetidos a uma análise de conteúdo. Num primeiro estudo os resultados permitiram compreender o processo de tomada de decisão e demonstrar quais os indicadores que são sinalizados e empregues pelos polícias para mandar parar um veículo. Num segundo estudo recorreu-se à teoria da deteção do sinal para analisar a validade dos indicadores empregues pelos polícias. Por fim, num terceiro estudo, comparou-se os resultados do presente estudo com os de Alves (2019) e de Silva (2021).
Every day the police decision-maker is required to make decisions with practical implications for themselves, the citizen, and the organisation. Acting in a complex, volatile and uncertain environment, subject to cognitive and time constraints, the decision-maker employs a set of cognitive strategies that simplify the decision-making process. The present research is part of the research line “decision-making in the police activity", in progress at the Laboratory of Major Events of the Research Centre of the Higher Institute of Police Sciences and Internal Security and aims at understanding how the police officers, from the Technical Inspection Squad of the Transit Division of the Lisbon Metropolitan Command, decide to stop a vehicle during a night traffic enforcement operation, in a real environment. A qualitative study was carried out in a naturalistic context, in which 20 very experienced male police officers were followed in eight night traffic enforcement operations. Data were collected using the technique of retrospectively stimulated thinking aloud and a scripted interview. Subsequently, data were submitted to content analysis. In the first study, the results allowed us to understand the decision-making process and demonstrate which indicators are signalled and used by police officers to stop a vehicle. In a second study, the signal detection theory was used to analyse the validity of the indicators used by police officers. Finally, in a third study, the present study results were compared with those of Alves (2019) and Silva (2021).
Every day the police decision-maker is required to make decisions with practical implications for themselves, the citizen, and the organisation. Acting in a complex, volatile and uncertain environment, subject to cognitive and time constraints, the decision-maker employs a set of cognitive strategies that simplify the decision-making process. The present research is part of the research line “decision-making in the police activity", in progress at the Laboratory of Major Events of the Research Centre of the Higher Institute of Police Sciences and Internal Security and aims at understanding how the police officers, from the Technical Inspection Squad of the Transit Division of the Lisbon Metropolitan Command, decide to stop a vehicle during a night traffic enforcement operation, in a real environment. A qualitative study was carried out in a naturalistic context, in which 20 very experienced male police officers were followed in eight night traffic enforcement operations. Data were collected using the technique of retrospectively stimulated thinking aloud and a scripted interview. Subsequently, data were submitted to content analysis. In the first study, the results allowed us to understand the decision-making process and demonstrate which indicators are signalled and used by police officers to stop a vehicle. In a second study, the signal detection theory was used to analyse the validity of the indicators used by police officers. Finally, in a third study, the present study results were compared with those of Alves (2019) and Silva (2021).
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Keywords
Ambiente real Operações de fiscalização de trânsito noturnas Polícias muito experientes Tomada de decisão policial Real environment Night traffic surveillance operation Expert police officers Police decision-making