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Menções sobre o estado nutricional nos rewgistos clínicos de doentes hospitalizados .
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Está descrito que a frequência de desnutrição associada à doença (DAD) afecta cerca
de 30 a 60% dos doentes no momento da admissão hospitalar e cerca de 10% dos
indivíduos na comunidade. A DAD tem vindo a ser associada a graves consequências,
como ao maior risco de infecções e de disfunção de órgãos e a um aumento significativo, não só da morbilidade e mortalidade, como da frequência e dos custos com os cuidados de saúde. A falta do reconhecimento e da monitorização dos aspectos relacionados com o estado nutricional, têm sido apontados como factores que contribuem para o aumento da frequência de DAD, durante o internamento hospitalar. Foi objectivo deste estudo avaliar a relevância que é dada a aspectos relacionados com o estado
nutricional dos doentes (peso, ingestão alimentar) e saber se os doentes em risco
nutricional ou desnutridos serão alvo de maior atenção por parte dos profissionais de
saúde. Foi recolhida uma amostra sistemática de seis hospitais portugueses, correspondente a 42-50% do total de camas de cada serviço de internamento. Foram critérios de exclusão a doença crítica, a gravidez, a idade inferior a 18 anos, a incapacidade de aplicação do protocolo de rastreio nutricional e o tempo de internamento inferior a 24h.Recolheram- se dados sócio-demográficos, antropométricos, sobre as menções dos processos clínicos respeitantes ao peso, cuidados alimentares/nutricionais prestados e ingestão alimentar/nutricional dos doentes e aplicou-se uma ferramenta de rastreio nutricional (Nutritional Risk Screening 2002). Em 1152 doentes estudados, a frequência de risco nutricional variou entre os 28,5% e 47,3%, enquanto que a frequência de desnutrição antropométrica oscilou entre 6,3% e 14,9%. Dois em cada três doentes tinha menções acerca de cuidados alimentares/ nutricionais prestados nos processos clínicos, mas apenas um em cada três tinha o seu peso medido e registado. Os doentes desnutridos foram pesados com menor frequência mas a sua alimentação e problemas a ela associados foram monitorizados com maior regularidade. A frequência de DAD, no momento de admissão hospitalar, é muito elevada, enquanto que a de menções relevantes para o estado nutricional é muito escassa. A presente investigação reforça a necessidade de investir na sensibilização dos profissionais de saúde, sobre a importância do rastreio e da prescrição/monitorização da alimentação e do peso dos doentes, na admissão e durante todo o internamento hospitalar.
NUTRITIONAL STATUS RECORDING in Hospitalized Patient Notes The prevalence of disease-related malnutrition (DRM) is described to be of 30-60% on admission to hospital, and of 10% in the community. It has been associated with worse clinical outcomes, namely higher morbidity and mortality as well as higher frequency of health care and its associated costs. The lack of screening and monitoring of nutritional status have been said to be risk factors for the increased prevalence of DRM during hospital stay. The aims of this study were to evaluate the importance given by health care professionals to certain aspects related with nutritional status (weight, food intake) of hospital patients and to see if there were any diferences between the under and non undernourished ones. A systematic sample of patients from six hospitals was collected. Pregnancy, paediatric age and critical illness were exclusion criteria as well as incapacity to fulfil nutritional risk screening protocol and length-of-stay less than 24h. Socio-demographic, anthropometric data and clinical notes (e.g. weight, food/nutrient intake) from medical records were collected and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 protocol was applied. A total of 1152 patients were included in this study.The revalence of nutritional risk varied between 28.5% and 47.3% while undernutrition classified by anthropometrical parameters was considerably lower (6.3% to 14.9%). Two thirds of the patients had their food intake monitored and registered in medical records but only one third were weighted. Undernourished patients had their food intake more frequently monitored but their weight was less frequently measured, than the well-nourished ones. DRM prevalence amongst hospital patients on admission is significantly high. Clinical notes regarding nutritional status is rather infrequent on medical records. This study showed that urges the need to empower health care providers of the importance of the screening and monitoring of weight and food intake, on admission and during hospital stay.
NUTRITIONAL STATUS RECORDING in Hospitalized Patient Notes The prevalence of disease-related malnutrition (DRM) is described to be of 30-60% on admission to hospital, and of 10% in the community. It has been associated with worse clinical outcomes, namely higher morbidity and mortality as well as higher frequency of health care and its associated costs. The lack of screening and monitoring of nutritional status have been said to be risk factors for the increased prevalence of DRM during hospital stay. The aims of this study were to evaluate the importance given by health care professionals to certain aspects related with nutritional status (weight, food intake) of hospital patients and to see if there were any diferences between the under and non undernourished ones. A systematic sample of patients from six hospitals was collected. Pregnancy, paediatric age and critical illness were exclusion criteria as well as incapacity to fulfil nutritional risk screening protocol and length-of-stay less than 24h. Socio-demographic, anthropometric data and clinical notes (e.g. weight, food/nutrient intake) from medical records were collected and Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 protocol was applied. A total of 1152 patients were included in this study.The revalence of nutritional risk varied between 28.5% and 47.3% while undernutrition classified by anthropometrical parameters was considerably lower (6.3% to 14.9%). Two thirds of the patients had their food intake monitored and registered in medical records but only one third were weighted. Undernourished patients had their food intake more frequently monitored but their weight was less frequently measured, than the well-nourished ones. DRM prevalence amongst hospital patients on admission is significantly high. Clinical notes regarding nutritional status is rather infrequent on medical records. This study showed that urges the need to empower health care providers of the importance of the screening and monitoring of weight and food intake, on admission and during hospital stay.
Description
Keywords
doença (DAD) desnutrição Madeira Island desnutrição Associada à Doença (DAD) complicações da desnutrição hospitalização rastreio alimentação
Citation
Acta Med Port 2007; 20 503-510