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Necrose nas orelhas numa exploração de suínos em Arouca – Caso de estudo
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Abstract(s)
O Síndrome de necrose das orelhas em suínos (PNES) é uma patologia muito comum na fase de recria da produção intensiva. Apesar de não acarretar grandes prejuízos económicos às explorações, tem de ser vista como um problema de bem-estar animal que requer ação/prevenção. O objetivo principal deste estudo, realizado durante um estágio profissional numa exploração multiplicadora de suínos no concelho de Arouca, foi o de verificar se uma alimentação à base de prebióticos tais como polifenóis, mananoligossacarídeos e ácidos gordos de cadeia média, conseguiria reduzir a incidência de PNES numa exploração com alta prevalência. Neste sentido, foram realizados 2 ensaios, com dois lotes diferentes, onde foram criados dois grupos separados de leitoas: um com alimentação de iniciação normal e outra com uma nutrição à qual foram adicionados os prebióticos anteriormente mencionados. No primeiro ensaio, a relação foi quase significativa (p=0,108) e no segundo, foi definitivamente significativa (p=0,041), ou seja, parte-se do princípio de que estes componentes tiveram um efeito benéfico no sistema imunitário dos leitões. Assim, contrariaram o que se pensa ser uma resposta imunitária habitualmente deficiente e de criação de imunocomplexos nos capilares da ponta das orelhas dos mesmos, que tende a provocar vasculites, tromboses e, posteriormente, necrose dos tecidos. À parte destes resultados, também foram averiguados outras variáveis relacionadas com fatores de risco à PNES, como a genética, a densidade, o peso ao desmame e a temperatura. Foram também isoladas em 6 de 8 amostras de tecido auricular necrótico, bactérias do género Streptococcus sp., microrganismo tido como um dos principais suspeitos na etiologia da PNES.
The Porcine Necrotic Ear Syndrome (PNES) is a very common pathology in the rearing phase of intensive swine production. Although it does not cause major economic damage to farms, it has to be seen as an animal welfare problem that requires action/prevention. The main objective of this study, carried out during a professional internship in a swine breeding farm in the municipality of Arouca in Portugal, was to verify whether a diet based on prebiotics such as polyphenols, mannan-oligosaccharides and medium-chain fatty acids could reduce the incidence of PNES in a farm with high prevalence. In this sense, 2 trials were carried out, in different batches, where two separate groups of female piglets were created: one with normal initiation feeding and another with a nutrition to which the previously mentioned prebiotics were added. In the first trial, the relation was almost significant (p=0.108) and in the second, it was definitely significant (p=0.041), meaning that, it is assumed that these components had a beneficial effect on the piglets immune system. Thereby, preventing the which is thought to be a usually deficient immune response and the formation of immunocomplexes in the capillaries at the tip of their ears, which tends to cause vasculitis, thrombosis and later tissue necrosis. Apart from these results, other variables related to risk factors for PNES were also investigated, such as genetics, density, weaning weight and temperature. Bacteria of the genus Streptococcus sp., a microorganism considered to be one of the main suspects in the etiology of PNES, were also isolated in 6 of 8 samples of necrotic ear tissue.
The Porcine Necrotic Ear Syndrome (PNES) is a very common pathology in the rearing phase of intensive swine production. Although it does not cause major economic damage to farms, it has to be seen as an animal welfare problem that requires action/prevention. The main objective of this study, carried out during a professional internship in a swine breeding farm in the municipality of Arouca in Portugal, was to verify whether a diet based on prebiotics such as polyphenols, mannan-oligosaccharides and medium-chain fatty acids could reduce the incidence of PNES in a farm with high prevalence. In this sense, 2 trials were carried out, in different batches, where two separate groups of female piglets were created: one with normal initiation feeding and another with a nutrition to which the previously mentioned prebiotics were added. In the first trial, the relation was almost significant (p=0.108) and in the second, it was definitely significant (p=0.041), meaning that, it is assumed that these components had a beneficial effect on the piglets immune system. Thereby, preventing the which is thought to be a usually deficient immune response and the formation of immunocomplexes in the capillaries at the tip of their ears, which tends to cause vasculitis, thrombosis and later tissue necrosis. Apart from these results, other variables related to risk factors for PNES were also investigated, such as genetics, density, weaning weight and temperature. Bacteria of the genus Streptococcus sp., a microorganism considered to be one of the main suspects in the etiology of PNES, were also isolated in 6 of 8 samples of necrotic ear tissue.
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Keywords
leitões necrose nas orelhas polifenóis MCFA streptococcus sp.