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Publication
Impacto de experiências de vitimação sexual em adultos
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: A vitimização sexual representa um problema social com elevada prevalência a nível mundial. São diversos os fatores de vulnerabilidade (e.g., ser mulher, ser jovem) inerentes à prática deste crime. Ainda considerado tabu, este fenómeno implica impacto negativo a diversos níveis, ao longo da vida. Para enfrentar o trauma, as vítimas utilizam estratégias de coping adaptativas ou maladaptativas, sendo que, dependendo do estilo de coping utilizado, este poderá atenuar ou agravar o impacto e sintomatologia
negativos experienciados. Objetivos: Este estudo visa compreender de forma aprofundada o fenómeno da violência sexual na idade adulta, bem como analisar os sintomas e estratégias de coping apresentadas pelas vítimas de tentativa de violação e/ou vítimas de violação durante a adultícia. Participantes: No primeiro artigo, a amostra inclui 14 898 indivíduos. No segundo artigo, a amostra inclui 262 mulheres adultas portuguesas (41 vítimas de tentativa de violação, 25 vítimas de tentativa de violação e violação, e 11 vítimas de violação) entre os 18 e os 70 anos (M = 34.30, DP = 10.82).
Método: Os participantes responderam a um protocolo via online, que contemplou o questionário sociodemográfico e de dados de vitimação sexual, o BSI e o Brief Cope.
Resultados: Os resultados mostram uma prevalência elevada de vitimação sexual, bem como diversos fatores de vulnerabilidade/risco e psicossociais, e impacto negativo a curto, médio e longo prazo, inerentes à experienciação de vitimação sexual.
Paralelamente, demonstram diferenças significativas entre vitimização sexual e, sintomas psicopatológicos apresentados e estratégias de coping utilizadas, bem como uma relação entre as estratégias de coping e a sintomatologia psicopatológica. Conclusão: Este estudo é útil no campo da psicologia clínica e forense. Uma melhor compreensão deste fenómeno poderá possibilitar o desenvolvimento de programas de prevenção e intervenção para promover estratégias adaptativas e reduzir os sintomas psicopatológicos nas vítimas,
proporcionando-lhes uma melhor qualidade de vida.
Background: Sexual victimization represents a social problem with high prevalence worldwide. There are several vulnerability factors (e.g., being a woman, being young) inherent to the practice of this crime. Still considered taboo, this phenomenon has a negative impact on several levels throughout life. To cope with the trauma, victims use adaptive or maladaptive coping strategies, and, depending on the coping style used, this may attenuate or aggravate the negative impact and symptoms experienced. Objectives: We aimed to gain an insightful understanding of sexual violence in adulthood phenomenon, as well as analyze the symptoms and coping strategies presented by victims of attempted rape and/or victims of rape. Participants: In the first article, the sample includes 14,898 individuals. In the second article, the sample includes 262 Portuguese adult women (41 attempted rape victims, 25 attempted rape and rape victims, and 11 rape victims) between the ages of 18 and 70 (M = 34.30, SD = 10.82). Methods: Participants answered the protocol online, which included the sociodemographic questionnaire and sexual victimization data, the BSI, and the Brief Cope. Results: Results show a high prevalence of sexual victimization, as well as several vulnerability/risk and psychosocial factors as well as short, medium and longterm negative impact inherent to the experience of sexual victimization. In parallel, the results show significant differences between sexual victimization and psychopathological symptoms presented, and coping strategies used, as well as a relationship between coping strategies and psychopathological symptomatology. Conclusions: This study may be useful in the field of clinical and forensic psychology. A better understanding of this phenomenon may empower the development of prevention and intervention programs to promote adaptive strategies and reduce psychopathological symptoms in victims, providing them with a better quality of life.
Background: Sexual victimization represents a social problem with high prevalence worldwide. There are several vulnerability factors (e.g., being a woman, being young) inherent to the practice of this crime. Still considered taboo, this phenomenon has a negative impact on several levels throughout life. To cope with the trauma, victims use adaptive or maladaptive coping strategies, and, depending on the coping style used, this may attenuate or aggravate the negative impact and symptoms experienced. Objectives: We aimed to gain an insightful understanding of sexual violence in adulthood phenomenon, as well as analyze the symptoms and coping strategies presented by victims of attempted rape and/or victims of rape. Participants: In the first article, the sample includes 14,898 individuals. In the second article, the sample includes 262 Portuguese adult women (41 attempted rape victims, 25 attempted rape and rape victims, and 11 rape victims) between the ages of 18 and 70 (M = 34.30, SD = 10.82). Methods: Participants answered the protocol online, which included the sociodemographic questionnaire and sexual victimization data, the BSI, and the Brief Cope. Results: Results show a high prevalence of sexual victimization, as well as several vulnerability/risk and psychosocial factors as well as short, medium and longterm negative impact inherent to the experience of sexual victimization. In parallel, the results show significant differences between sexual victimization and psychopathological symptoms presented, and coping strategies used, as well as a relationship between coping strategies and psychopathological symptomatology. Conclusions: This study may be useful in the field of clinical and forensic psychology. A better understanding of this phenomenon may empower the development of prevention and intervention programs to promote adaptive strategies and reduce psychopathological symptoms in victims, providing them with a better quality of life.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Vitimação sexual Adultos Estratégias de coping Sintomatologia psicopatológica