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A perceção dos enfermeiros gestores sobre os fatores que influenciam a comunicação estabelecida com os enfermeiros
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Resumo(s)
O estabelecimento de uma comunicação eficaz entre o enfermeiro gestor e os enfermeiros que lidera é determinante para a criação de um ambiente organizacional favorável à qualidade dos cuidados e ao bem-estar dos profissionais. Apesar da relevância amplamente reconhecida da comunicação na liderança e na gestão, observamos uma escassez de estudos centrados na perceção dos enfermeiros gestores relativamente aos fatores que a influenciam. Assim, desenvolvemos este trabalho, no contexto da gestão em Enfermagem, com o objetivo de identificar a perceção dos enfermeiros gestores sobre os fatores que influenciam a comunicação com os enfermeiros.
Realizámos um estudo qualitativo, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, recorrendo à técnica de focus group para a recolha de dados junto de enfermeiros gestores. Foi selecionada uma amostra de conveniência, considerando critérios como o tempo de experiência na função de gestão e o tipo de unidade onde cada participante exerce a sua atividade. Os dados recolhidos foram analisados através da Análise Temática Reflexiva, seguindo as orientações para a investigação qualitativa de Braun e Clarke (2006, 2019, 2021, 2024a, 2024b), garantindo o rigor metodológico e o respeito pelos princípios éticos da investigação.
Os resultados evidenciam que os enfermeiros gestores reconhecem a comunicação como um pilar essencial da liderança e da dinâmica das equipas, assumindo um papel estruturante na gestão, na motivação e nas relações profissionais. Entre os fatores organizacionais identificados como barreiras à comunicação eficaz, surgem as condições de trabalho, a sobrecarga, a escassez de recursos e a pressão administrativa. Como elementos facilitadores, destacam-se a inteligência emocional, a capacidade de escuta ativa, o feedback construtivo e a valorização das diversas formas de comunicação. A formação contínua e o desenvolvimento de competências relacionais e digitais emergem como fundamentais para fortalecer práticas comunicacionais transparentes, colaborativas e adaptadas aos desafios contemporâneos. A comunicação constitui um elemento central e estratégico da gestão em Enfermagem, sendo essencial criar espaços regulares de partilha, gerir eficazmente o tempo disponível para cada intervenção, promover um equilíbrio entre as exigências profissionais e a vida pessoal dos enfermeiros e investir em programas formativos que promovam o bem-estar, a coesão profissional e a qualidade dos cuidados de saúde.
The establishment of effective communication between the nurse manager and the nurses under their leadership is crucial for creating an organizational environment that supports both the quality of care and the well-being of professionals. Despite the widely recognized relevance of communication in leadership and management, there is a noticeable lack of studies focusing on nurse managers’ perceptions of the factors that influence it. Therefore, this study was developed within the context of Nursing Management, with the aim of identifying nurse managers’ perceptions regarding the factors that influence communication with nurses. We conducted a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study using the focus group technique to collect data from nurse managers. A convenience sample was selected, considering criteria such as length of experience in management roles and the type of unit where each participant works. The collected data were analyzed through Reflexive Thematic Analysis, following Braun and Clarke’s guidelines for qualitative research (2006, 2019, 2021, 2024a, 2024b), ensuring methodological rigor and adherence to ethical research principles. The results reveal that nurse managers recognize communication as an essential pillar of leadership and team dynamics, playing a structuring role in management, motivation, and professional relationships. Among the organizational factors identified as barriers to effective communication are working conditions, workload, resource shortages, and administrative pressure. As facilitating elements, emotional intelligence, active listening, constructive feedback, and the appreciation of different forms of communication were highlighted. Continuous training and the development of relational and digital competencies emerged as fundamental for strengthening transparent, collaborative, and context-adapted communication practices. Communication is thus a central and strategic component of Nursing Management, and it is essential to create regular spaces for dialogue, manage time effectively for each intervention, promote a balance between professional demands and nurses’ personal lives, and invest in training programs that foster well-being, professional cohesion, and the quality of healthcare delivery.
The establishment of effective communication between the nurse manager and the nurses under their leadership is crucial for creating an organizational environment that supports both the quality of care and the well-being of professionals. Despite the widely recognized relevance of communication in leadership and management, there is a noticeable lack of studies focusing on nurse managers’ perceptions of the factors that influence it. Therefore, this study was developed within the context of Nursing Management, with the aim of identifying nurse managers’ perceptions regarding the factors that influence communication with nurses. We conducted a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study using the focus group technique to collect data from nurse managers. A convenience sample was selected, considering criteria such as length of experience in management roles and the type of unit where each participant works. The collected data were analyzed through Reflexive Thematic Analysis, following Braun and Clarke’s guidelines for qualitative research (2006, 2019, 2021, 2024a, 2024b), ensuring methodological rigor and adherence to ethical research principles. The results reveal that nurse managers recognize communication as an essential pillar of leadership and team dynamics, playing a structuring role in management, motivation, and professional relationships. Among the organizational factors identified as barriers to effective communication are working conditions, workload, resource shortages, and administrative pressure. As facilitating elements, emotional intelligence, active listening, constructive feedback, and the appreciation of different forms of communication were highlighted. Continuous training and the development of relational and digital competencies emerged as fundamental for strengthening transparent, collaborative, and context-adapted communication practices. Communication is thus a central and strategic component of Nursing Management, and it is essential to create regular spaces for dialogue, manage time effectively for each intervention, promote a balance between professional demands and nurses’ personal lives, and invest in training programs that foster well-being, professional cohesion, and the quality of healthcare delivery.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Comunicação Enfermeiro Gestor Enfermeiros Liderança