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Reliability and validity of the european portuguese version of the social touch questionnaire

dc.contributor.authorVieira, Ana Isabel
dc.contributor.authorRamos, Ana Vanessa
dc.contributor.authorCavalheiro, Luís Manuel
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Patrícia
dc.contributor.authorNogueira, Dália
dc.contributor.authorReis, Elisabeth
dc.contributor.authorNunes, Maria Vânia
dc.contributor.authorCastro-Caldas, Alexandre
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-22T12:08:12Z
dc.date.available2022-03-22T12:08:12Z
dc.date.issued2016-07-15
dc.description.abstractSocial touch is essential for physical and emotional well-being. However, different meanings can be attributed to physical contact during social interactions and may generate bonding or avoidant behaviors. This personal and unique experience is not usually taken into account in health and social care services. The aim of this study is to produce a valid and reliable European Portuguese version of the Social Touch Questionnaire (STQ, Wilhelm et al. in Biol Psychol 58:181–202, 2001. doi:10.1016/S0301-0511(01)00113-2). The STQ is a self-report questionnaire for adolescents and adults measuring behaviors and attitudes towards social touch. The original version was translated into European Portuguese using a forward-back translation process and its feasibility was examined. To evaluate the psychometric properties, a total of 242 Portuguese university students participated in the study (21.3 ± 3.8 years). The STQ was considered feasible, showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s a = .734), and the test–retest correlation with the STQ items demonstrated a high concordance between the tests over a two-week interval (ICC = .990; n = 50). Validity tests were performed, comparing the total score of the STQ with that of the anxiety and avoidance subscales of the Social Interaction and Performance Anxiety and Avoidance Scale (SIPAAS). A very significant conceptual convergence was confirmed between the STQ and with the SIPAAS-Anxiety (r = .64; p\.0001) and with the SIPAAS-Avoidance (r = .59; p\.0001). The exploratory factor analysis, with Promax rotation, revealed 3 factors: dislike of physical touch, liking of familiar physical touch and liking of public physical touch (Cronbach’s alphas ranged from .68 to .75). Psychometric properties confirmed the adaptation of the STQ to the Portuguese culture. It is a reliable and valid self-report questionnaire and it appears to be a useful tool to assess behaviors and attitudes towards social touch.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.doiDOI 10.1007/s10919-016-0239-7pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn1573-3653
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/39784
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherSpringerpt_PT
dc.relationBusiness Research Unit
dc.subjectSocial touchpt_PT
dc.subjectSocial anxietypt_PT
dc.subjectSocial Touch Questionnairept_PT
dc.subjectCultural adaptationpt_PT
dc.subjectReliabilitypt_PT
dc.subjectValiditypt_PT
dc.subjectExploratory and confirmatory factor analysespt_PT
dc.titleReliability and validity of the european portuguese version of the social touch questionnairept_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleBusiness Research Unit
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UID%2FGES%2F00315%2F2013/PT
oaire.citation.endPage377pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage363pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleJournal of Nonverbal Behaviorpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume40pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
person.familyNameVieira
person.familyNameAlmeida
person.familyNameNogueira
person.givenNameAna Isabel
person.givenNamePatrícia
person.givenNameDália
person.identifier.ciencia-id651F-7E53-A25D
person.identifier.ciencia-idAB1F-983C-DF52
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-6023-2362
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2081-3976
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6803-531X
person.identifier.scopus-author-id56537784900
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55607457700
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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