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Publication
Periodontite e diabetes mellitus
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação aborda a relação bidireccional entre a Diabetes Mellitus e a Peridontite. Para a realização do trabalho foi efectuada uma pesquisa electrónica na base de dados Google Académico, Pubmed, ScienceDirect e Cochrane.
A periodontite é uma doença inflamatória crónica caracterizada pela destruição do periodonto. É altamente prevalente e pode ter um impacto significativamente negativo na qualidade de vida. A Diabetes Mellitus, principalmente se não controlada, encontra-se associada a um aumento da prevalência e severidade de periodontite. Da mesma forma, a inflamação periodontal compromete o controlo glicémico e encontra-se relacionada com um aumento da incidência de complicações diabéticas.
Apesar da relação bidireccional entre a Diabetes Mellitus e a Periodontite se encontrar bem definida, os mecanismos que relacionam as duas doenças ainda não estão completamente compreendidos. Os principais mecanismos que se acredita estarem envolvidos no aumento do risco e gravidade de periodontite, em pacientes diabéticos, são mediados pelo estado hiperglicémico e pela acumulação de produtos finais de glicação avançada (AGEs), nos tecidos periodontais.
O tratamento periodontal não-cirúrgico tem sido associado a melhorias no controlo glicémico, com reduções de HbA1c de, aproximadamente, 0.4%. A redução dos níveis de HbA1c encontra-se relacionada com a diminuição de complicações diabéticas. Por estas razões, a saúde oral deve ser promovida como um componente integrante do controlo da Diabetes Mellitus.
The present dissertation approaches the bidirectional relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Peridontitis. An electronic search, using Google Scholar, Pubmed, ScienceDirect and Cochrane, was made to accomplish this work. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of the periodontium. It is highly prevalent and can have a significantly negative impact on quality of life. Diabetes mellitus, especially if uncontrolled, is associated with an increase in the prevalence and severity of periodontitis. Similarly, periodontal inflammation compromises glycemic control and is related to an increased incidence of diabetic complications. Although the bidirectional relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis is well defined, the mechanisms that relate the two diseases are not still completely understood. The main mechanisms believed to be involved in the increased risk and severity of periodontitis in diabetic patients are mediated by the hyperglycemic state and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the periodontal tissues. Non-surgical periodontal treatment has been associated with improvements in glycemic control, with reductions in HbA1c of approximately 0.4%. The reduction of HbA1c levels is related to the reduction of diabetic complications. For these reasons, oral health should be promoted as an integral component of Diabetes Mellitus management.
The present dissertation approaches the bidirectional relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Peridontitis. An electronic search, using Google Scholar, Pubmed, ScienceDirect and Cochrane, was made to accomplish this work. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of the periodontium. It is highly prevalent and can have a significantly negative impact on quality of life. Diabetes mellitus, especially if uncontrolled, is associated with an increase in the prevalence and severity of periodontitis. Similarly, periodontal inflammation compromises glycemic control and is related to an increased incidence of diabetic complications. Although the bidirectional relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis is well defined, the mechanisms that relate the two diseases are not still completely understood. The main mechanisms believed to be involved in the increased risk and severity of periodontitis in diabetic patients are mediated by the hyperglycemic state and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in the periodontal tissues. Non-surgical periodontal treatment has been associated with improvements in glycemic control, with reductions in HbA1c of approximately 0.4%. The reduction of HbA1c levels is related to the reduction of diabetic complications. For these reasons, oral health should be promoted as an integral component of Diabetes Mellitus management.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Periodontite Diabetes mellitus Controlo glicémico Relação bidireccional