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Publication
Aplicação Tática de Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados nas Unidades de Infantaria
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Authors
Henriques, João Jorge
Abstract(s)
Nos últimos anos, tem-se observado um crescente desenvolvimento tecnológico dos sistemas aéreos não tripulados. Estas tecnologias são muitas vezes apelidadas de disruptivas, devido à sua capacidade de alterar por completo a forma como as forças terrestres operam no campo de batalha.
O presente trabalho de investigação procura estudar a aplicação de veículos aéreos não tripulados em unidades de Infantaria, a fim de se compreender as suas possíveis aplicações e limitações, de modo a que se otimize o seu emprego e se perspetivem outras capacidades. O estudo foi direcionado para os Batalhões de Infantaria Mecanizados de Rodas e pelos sistemas que os equipam, os Raven B DDL.
Foi empregue uma metodologia dedutiva, tendo-se começado por analisar a terminologia, composição e classificação dos sistemas como um todo, a fim de contextualizar o restante trabalho. Posteriormente, o foco incidiu sobre a componente tática, tendo sido avaliadas as principais tipologias de operações dos Batalhões e o emprego das Equipas Raven. A investigação fez uso de uma revisão da literatura baseada grandemente em documentação das Forças Armadas portuguesas e da NATO, tendo as informações recolhidas, sido complementadas por entrevistas estruturadas a militares da Companhia de
Sistemas de Vigilância e dos Batalhões de Infantaria, aliados à observação direta do investigador.
O impacto no desempenho foi analisado com base em dois indicadores, o Potencial de Combate e as principais Áreas de Esforço. Deste modo, foi possível compilar as principais capacidades e formas de emprego das Equipas Raven, assim como as limitações técnicas e táticas que lhes estão associadas. É de realçar as capacidades de reconhecimento e vigilância, que garantem aos militares uma maior segurança e compreensão situacional, aliadas à capacidade do emprego destas aeronaves na regulação do tiro de morteiros pesados.
Por fim, foram apurados os contributos que estes sistemas têm nas capacidades elencadas nas Áreas de Esforço, assim como perspetivas de capacidades futuras que se esperam conseguir num futuro próximo, com o desenvolvimento destas tecnologias.
In recent years, there has been increasing technological development in unmanned aerial systems. These technologies are often referred to as disruptive, due to their ability to completely change the way ground forces operate on the battlefield. This Research Work seeks to study the application of unmanned aerial vehicles in the Infantry forces, in order to understand their possible applications and limitations, so as to optimise the use of these systems and envisage other capabilities. The study focused on the Motorized Infantry Battalions and the systems they use, the Raven B DDL. A deductive methodology was used, starting by analysing the terminology, composition and classification of the systems as a whole, in order to contextualise the rest of the work. Subsequently, the focus was on the tactical component, assessing the Battalions' main types of operations and the use of Raven Teams. The research was based on a literature review largely based on documentation from the Portuguese Armed Forces and NATO, the information gathered was complemented by structured interviews with military personnel from the Surveillance Systems Company and the Infantry Battalions, as well as direct observation carried out by the researchers. The impact on performance was analysed based on two indicators, Combat Potential and the main Areas of Effort. In this way, it was possible to compile the main capabilities and ways of employing the Raven Teams, as well as the technical and tactical limitations linked to them. It is important to emphasise the reconnaissance and surveillance capabilities, which guarantee military personnel greater security and situational awareness, combined with the ability to use these aircraft to adjust heavy mortar fire. Lastly, the contributions that these systems have in the capabilities listed in the Areas of Effort were analysed, as well as prospects for future capabilities that are expected to be achieved in the near future with the development of these technologies.
In recent years, there has been increasing technological development in unmanned aerial systems. These technologies are often referred to as disruptive, due to their ability to completely change the way ground forces operate on the battlefield. This Research Work seeks to study the application of unmanned aerial vehicles in the Infantry forces, in order to understand their possible applications and limitations, so as to optimise the use of these systems and envisage other capabilities. The study focused on the Motorized Infantry Battalions and the systems they use, the Raven B DDL. A deductive methodology was used, starting by analysing the terminology, composition and classification of the systems as a whole, in order to contextualise the rest of the work. Subsequently, the focus was on the tactical component, assessing the Battalions' main types of operations and the use of Raven Teams. The research was based on a literature review largely based on documentation from the Portuguese Armed Forces and NATO, the information gathered was complemented by structured interviews with military personnel from the Surveillance Systems Company and the Infantry Battalions, as well as direct observation carried out by the researchers. The impact on performance was analysed based on two indicators, Combat Potential and the main Areas of Effort. In this way, it was possible to compile the main capabilities and ways of employing the Raven Teams, as well as the technical and tactical limitations linked to them. It is important to emphasise the reconnaissance and surveillance capabilities, which guarantee military personnel greater security and situational awareness, combined with the ability to use these aircraft to adjust heavy mortar fire. Lastly, the contributions that these systems have in the capabilities listed in the Areas of Effort were analysed, as well as prospects for future capabilities that are expected to be achieved in the near future with the development of these technologies.
Description
Keywords
UAV Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados Drone Batalhão de Infantaria Mecanizado Rodas Desempenho Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Motorized Infantry Battalion Performance