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Os dilemas éticos dos profissionais
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Abstract(s)
As sociedades exigem nos dias de hoje uma maior atenção às questões sociais -
responsabilidade social - fazendo com que as empresas deixem de ter apenas o objectivo do
máximo lucro possível. Por isso, gerir pessoas - nomeadamente as suas motivações e
necessidades - e responder perante uma sociedade moral e legalmente exigente enquanto se
procura atingir os objectivos estratégicos da organização é um enorme desafio para o qual os
profissionais de Recursos Humanos têm cada vez mais de se preparar.
No cenário de pressão da sociedade, no que toca a questões de responsabilidade social
das organizações, surge uma relação de conflito entre os objectivos económicos (o maior lucro
possível) e os objectivos sociais da organização (responder às questões de responsabilidade
social que a sociedade lhe impõe e responder às necessidades dos seus trabalhadores).
Os profissionais de Recursos Humanos surgem nesse contexto como os responsáveis por
arbitrar esse conflito, assumindo um papel de mediador dos diferentes interesses dentro da
organização. No entanto, essa posição coloca muitas vezes aquele profissional perante situações
onde os seus valores entram em conflito com as exigências com que se defronta no dia-a-dia.
A complexidade das práticas de Gestão de Recursos Humanos e o paradigma de relações
de poder dentro da organização vai colocar aqueles profissionais perante situações eticamente
questionáveis. Assim, o objectivo central deste trabalho é a identificação dos dilemas éticos que os
profissionais de Recursos Humanos enfrentam no decorrer das suas actividades e analisar a
forma como esses dilemas são entendidos e resolvidos.
No intuito de atingir este objectivo, o estudo debruça-se sobre o conceito de ética
procurando identificar as implicações que advêm da função Recursos Humanos e que situações
poderão ser consideradas dilemas de natureza ética para aqueles profissionais.
O estudo tem por base uma revisão teórica desta problemática e a metodologia utilizada é a
análise qualitativa. Assim, foram aplicadas entrevistas semi-directivas a seis profissionais de
Recursos Humanos, as quais foram tratadas através de análise de conteúdo.
Como principais resultados podemos afirmar que os dilemas éticos dos profissionais de
Recursos Humanos resultam da sua dualidade de papéis e de factores como o acesso a
informação privilegiada, a cultura organizacional, a gestão da comunicação e a gestão de conflitos.
Recrutamento e selecção, avaliação de desempenho, separação (despedimentos), prémios
e benefícios e disciplina (discriminação e assédio moral e sexual e bullying profissional) são
práticas que podem também colocar dilemas éticos que os profissionais de Recursos Humanos
têm de enfrentar e saber gerir. Os principais valores enunciados pelos profissionais de Recursos
Humanos são o respeito, a honestidade, a integridade, a transparência, a equidade, a isenção e o
profissionalismo.
Societies nowadays require greater attention to social issues - social responsibility - so that companies no longer have for only purpose the maximum profit. Therefore, managing people - including their motivations and needs - and reply to a society moral and legally demanding while seeking to achieve the strategic objectives of the organization is a challenge to which Human Resource professionals have to be prepare. In these scenario of pressure from society, when it concerns to issues of corporate social responsibility, there is a relationship of conflict between the economic (the highest possible profit) and social objectives of the organization (answering the questions of social responsibility that society demands and meet the needs of their employees). The Human Resources professionals arise in this context as those responsible for arbitrating the conflict, assuming a mediating role of different interests within the organization. However, this position puts the professional in situations where their values come into conflict with the demands faced in day-to-day. The complexity of the practices of Human Resources Management and the paradigm of power relations within the organization will put those professionals in situations ethically questionable. Thus, the aim of this paper is to identify the ethical dilemmas that Human Resources professionals face in the course of their activities and to analyze how these dilemmas are understood and resolved. In order to achieve this objective, the study focuses on the concept of ethics and it tries to identify the ethical implications arising out of the Human Resources function and situations that may be considered ethical dilemmas for those professionals. The study is based on a theoretical review of this issue and the methodology used is qualitative analysis. Thus, we applied semi-structured interviews to six Human Resources professionals, which were addressed through content analysis. As main results we can say that the ethical dilemmas of Human Resources professionals are a result of their dual roles and from factors such as access to privileged information, organizational culture, management of communication and conflict management. Recruitment and selection, performance evaluation, separation (layoffs), prizes and benefits and discipline (moral and sexual discrimination, sexual harassment and bullying professional) are practices that may pose ethical dilemmas that Human Resources professionals have to face and know how to manage. The main values mentioned by Human Resources professionals are respect, honesty, integrity, transparency, fairness, and professionalism exemption.
Societies nowadays require greater attention to social issues - social responsibility - so that companies no longer have for only purpose the maximum profit. Therefore, managing people - including their motivations and needs - and reply to a society moral and legally demanding while seeking to achieve the strategic objectives of the organization is a challenge to which Human Resource professionals have to be prepare. In these scenario of pressure from society, when it concerns to issues of corporate social responsibility, there is a relationship of conflict between the economic (the highest possible profit) and social objectives of the organization (answering the questions of social responsibility that society demands and meet the needs of their employees). The Human Resources professionals arise in this context as those responsible for arbitrating the conflict, assuming a mediating role of different interests within the organization. However, this position puts the professional in situations where their values come into conflict with the demands faced in day-to-day. The complexity of the practices of Human Resources Management and the paradigm of power relations within the organization will put those professionals in situations ethically questionable. Thus, the aim of this paper is to identify the ethical dilemmas that Human Resources professionals face in the course of their activities and to analyze how these dilemmas are understood and resolved. In order to achieve this objective, the study focuses on the concept of ethics and it tries to identify the ethical implications arising out of the Human Resources function and situations that may be considered ethical dilemmas for those professionals. The study is based on a theoretical review of this issue and the methodology used is qualitative analysis. Thus, we applied semi-structured interviews to six Human Resources professionals, which were addressed through content analysis. As main results we can say that the ethical dilemmas of Human Resources professionals are a result of their dual roles and from factors such as access to privileged information, organizational culture, management of communication and conflict management. Recruitment and selection, performance evaluation, separation (layoffs), prizes and benefits and discipline (moral and sexual discrimination, sexual harassment and bullying professional) are practices that may pose ethical dilemmas that Human Resources professionals have to face and know how to manage. The main values mentioned by Human Resources professionals are respect, honesty, integrity, transparency, fairness, and professionalism exemption.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão Estratégica de Recursos Humanos
Keywords
Gestão de recursos humanos Ética empresarial Ética profissional Dilemas éticos Valores éticos Human resource management Business ethics Professional ethics Ethical dilemmas Ethical values
Citation
Publisher
Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais