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Sendo a Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP) um órgão de polícia criminal (OPC) e, simultaneamente, uma entidade de polícia administrativa com competências de fiscalização no âmbito de diversas matérias, cuja instrução também está a seu cargo, não raras vezes, se confronta com a dificuldade de investigação de ilícitos contraordenacionais, cada vez mais complexos e que ocorrem em espaços reservados. É neste “confronto”, entre a reserva da vida privada e a necessidade de recolher e produzir prova, que nem sempre o Regime Geral das Contraordenações (RGCO), instituído pelo Decreto-Lei n.º 433/82, de 27 de outubro, permite diligências de investigação mais intrusivas, mormente, a realização de buscas não consentidas pelos visados. Se é certo que, cada vez mais existe uma convergência material entre o Direito contraordenacional e o Direito penal, também nos parece que existe um desequilíbrio entre as garantias dos arguidos e os poderes de polícia para prosseguirem a sua atividade de fiscalização, sobretudo, quando estão em causa bens jurídicos essenciais que, pela sua intensidade, afetam de forma grave a vida em sociedade ou a personalidade ética-moral do homem. Justamente para permitir a realização do Direito e a final a Justiça, é que o regime legal deve contemplar os meios indispensáveis e proporcionais ao labor das polícias, sem abdicar dos seus princípios constitucionais basilares – necessidade, adequação e proporcionalidade – na salvaguarda de um Estado de direito democrático que incondicionalmente persegue a Justiça social.
Since the Public Security Police (PSP) is a criminal police body (OPC) and, simultaneously, an administrative police entity with supervisory powers in several areas, whose investigation is also in its charge, it is frequently confronted with the difficulty of investigating increasingly complex administrative offenses often occurring in reserved spaces. It is in this "confrontation" between the protection of privacy and intimacy and the need to collect and produce evidence, that the General Framework of Administrative Offenses (RGCO), instituted by Decree-Law no. 433/82, October 27th, does not always allow more intrusive investigative procedures, in particular, the carrying out of searches not consented to by the aimed. If there is a material convergence between criminal law and administrative offenses law, there also seems to be an imbalance between the defendant’s guaranties and the police powers to pursue its supervisory activity, in particular when essential juridical goods, which, by their intensity, seriously affect life in society or the ethical-moral personality of man, are at stake. It is precisely in order to concretize law and, therefore, justice that the legal frame must contemplate the means indispensable and proportionate to the police work, without, nevertheless, waiving its basic constitutional principles - necessity, adequacy and proportionality - in the safeguard of the rule of law and of the unconditional pursue of social justice.
Since the Public Security Police (PSP) is a criminal police body (OPC) and, simultaneously, an administrative police entity with supervisory powers in several areas, whose investigation is also in its charge, it is frequently confronted with the difficulty of investigating increasingly complex administrative offenses often occurring in reserved spaces. It is in this "confrontation" between the protection of privacy and intimacy and the need to collect and produce evidence, that the General Framework of Administrative Offenses (RGCO), instituted by Decree-Law no. 433/82, October 27th, does not always allow more intrusive investigative procedures, in particular, the carrying out of searches not consented to by the aimed. If there is a material convergence between criminal law and administrative offenses law, there also seems to be an imbalance between the defendant’s guaranties and the police powers to pursue its supervisory activity, in particular when essential juridical goods, which, by their intensity, seriously affect life in society or the ethical-moral personality of man, are at stake. It is precisely in order to concretize law and, therefore, justice that the legal frame must contemplate the means indispensable and proportionate to the police work, without, nevertheless, waiving its basic constitutional principles - necessity, adequacy and proportionality - in the safeguard of the rule of law and of the unconditional pursue of social justice.
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Keywords
Polícia Contraordenações Meios de obtenção de prova Buscas Crime