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Publication
A intervenção do enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de reabilitação na promoção do autocuidado da pessoa com ostomia respiratória
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| 8.31 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As Ostomias Respiratórias são cada vez mais realizadas em adultos com obstrução
das vias aéreas superiores, para proteção ou manutenção das vias aéreas, assegurar
ventilação mecânica e facilitar o desmame do ventilador. A crescente incidência de
pessoas com cancro da cabeça e do pescoço também tem contribuído para o aumento
significativo deste número. A realização de uma Ostomia Respiratória conduz a várias
mudanças significativas relacionadas com o autocuidado.
O presente relatório de estágio pretende demonstrar, através das atividades e
intervenções implementadas, o desenvolvimento das competências comuns do
Enfermeiro Especialista, das competências específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em
Enfermagem de Reabilitação e ainda as competências para a obtenção do grau de mestre.
Como referencial teórico selecionou-se a Teoria do Défice de Autocuidado em
Enfermagem de Dorothea Orem e a Teoria das Transições de Afaf Meleis. Foi realizada
uma Revisão Narrativa da Literatura utilizando a metodologia PCC, com o intuito de
identificar as intervenções do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Reabilitação
que promovem o autocuidado na pessoa com Ostomia Respiratória. Os resultados
obtidos evidenciaram a importância da realização de consultas de enfermagem no
período pré-operatório, possibilitando à pessoa e ao seu cuidador esclarecer dúvidas e
adquirir conhecimentos. A nível da respiração, para além do ensino e treino dos cuidados
à cânula, o programa incide em realizar exercícios respiratórios como inspiração
profunda, respiração abdominal e com os lábios semicerrados, na drenagem postural,
vibração torácica e tosse assistida. A nível da comunicação existem estratégias simples e
efetivas, tais como a escrita, mímica labial e gestos. Desenvolver um programa de
reabilitação da função alimentação requer uma avaliação cuidadosa dos órgãos e
estruturas que intervêm neste processo. O programa de reabilitação motora pode ser
iniciado com a movimentação passiva no terceiro dia pós-operatório.
Respiratory ostomies are increasingly performed in adults with upper airway obstruction to protect or maintain the airway, ensure mechanical ventilation, and facilitate weaning from the ventilator. The growing incidence of people with head and neck cancer has also contributed to the significant increase in this number. Undergoing a respiratory ostomy leads to several significant changes related to self-care. This internship report aims to demonstrate, through the activities and interventions implemented, the development of the common competencies of the Specialist Nurse, the specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing and the competencies for obtaining a master's degree. Dorothea Orem's Theory of Nursing Self-Care Deficit and Afaf Meleis's Theory of Transitions were used as theoretical frameworks. A Narrative Literature Review was conducted using the PCC methodology with the purpose of identifying the interventions of the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing that promote self-care in people with a respiratory ostomy. The results obtained highlighted the importance of nursing consultations in the preoperative period, allowing the patient and his/her caregiver to clarify doubts and acquire knowledge. In terms of breathing, in addition to teaching and training cannula care, the program focuses on performing breathing exercises such as deep inspiration, abdominal breathing and half-closed lips, postural drainage, chest vibration and assisted coughing. In terms of communication, there are simple and effective strategies, such as writing, lip syncing, and gestures. Developing a rehabilitation program for feeding function requires a careful evaluation of the organs and structures that intervene in this process. The motor rehabilitation program can be started with passive movement on the third postoperative day.
Respiratory ostomies are increasingly performed in adults with upper airway obstruction to protect or maintain the airway, ensure mechanical ventilation, and facilitate weaning from the ventilator. The growing incidence of people with head and neck cancer has also contributed to the significant increase in this number. Undergoing a respiratory ostomy leads to several significant changes related to self-care. This internship report aims to demonstrate, through the activities and interventions implemented, the development of the common competencies of the Specialist Nurse, the specific competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Rehabilitation Nursing and the competencies for obtaining a master's degree. Dorothea Orem's Theory of Nursing Self-Care Deficit and Afaf Meleis's Theory of Transitions were used as theoretical frameworks. A Narrative Literature Review was conducted using the PCC methodology with the purpose of identifying the interventions of the Nurse Specialist in Rehabilitation Nursing that promote self-care in people with a respiratory ostomy. The results obtained highlighted the importance of nursing consultations in the preoperative period, allowing the patient and his/her caregiver to clarify doubts and acquire knowledge. In terms of breathing, in addition to teaching and training cannula care, the program focuses on performing breathing exercises such as deep inspiration, abdominal breathing and half-closed lips, postural drainage, chest vibration and assisted coughing. In terms of communication, there are simple and effective strategies, such as writing, lip syncing, and gestures. Developing a rehabilitation program for feeding function requires a careful evaluation of the organs and structures that intervene in this process. The motor rehabilitation program can be started with passive movement on the third postoperative day.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem em reabilitação Autocuidado Traqueotomia Traqueostomia