Loading...
Publication
Parasitismo Gastrointestinal Em Ovinos Serra Da Estrela
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 936.76 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os animais de produção têm um papel importante na estrutura económica do país. Dentro destes, as
raças autóctones são de extrema importância, desempenhando um papel crucial na promoção de
sistemas agrícolas sustentáveis e estando adaptadas às condições climáticas e doenças,
nomeadamente às doenças parasitárias.
Apesar de existirem estudos em ovinos de raças autóctones portuguesas, é do conhecimento dos
autores deste estudo que nenhuns estudos parasitológicos foram desenvolvidos em ovinos Serra da
Estrela, e perante a relevância destes na economia e turismo da região, juntamente com importância
do parasitismo gastrointestinal na saúde e produção dos pequenos ruminantes, torna-se necessário
mais estudos nesta área. Além disso, perante o desenvolvimento de resistências aos anti-helmínticos,
é necessária a administração destes de uma forma seletiva. Neste sentido, estudos que associam a
carga parasitária com alteração ao exame físico ou análises complementares serão imprescindíveis.
Este trabalho tem como objetivos determinar a carga parasitária e a presença dos vários parasitas
gastrointestinais em ovinos Serra da Estrela, determinar o grau de anemia utilizando o teste de
FAMACHA® e o score fecal, e avaliar a existência de uma associação entre estas duas variáveis e o
parasitismo gastrointestinal, sendo assim avaliado, a utilidade deste método para a realização da
desparasitação seletiva dos animais. Para atingir estes objetivos, foi realizado um estudo envolvendo
283 ovinos Serra da Estrela, distribuídos por 25 explorações localizadas em Oliveira do Hospital e Seia.
Durante um período de três meses foram colhidas amostras fecais de modo individual a cada animal e
feita a avaliação da mucosa conjuntiva através do teste de FAMACHA®. As fezes foram analisadas
através de técnicas coprológicas quantitativas, pelo método de McMaster, e realizadas coproculturas
para identificação de L3.
Do total dos animais parasitados, observou-se uma positividade de 71,7% para a presença de
estrongilídeos e obteve-se uma média de 409 OPG. Destes animais, 74,4% apresentam infeções leves.
Todas as explorações apresentaram infeção mista e das espécies observadas, Cooperia curticei foi a
mais prevalente com 50,2%. Apesar da avaliação do grau de anemia pelo teste de FAMACHA® ter
apresentado uma diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0,001) quando comparado com a carga
parasitária, esta diferença só foi significativa entre o score 1 e 2 que são grupos em que a
desparasitação não é aconselhável. Assim, com os resultados deste estudo, verificou-se que o Score
fecal e o teste de FAMACHA® não são uma ferramenta útil para a desparasitação seletiva.
Os resultados do presente trabalho também revelaram que os ovinos Serra da Estrela encontram-se parasitados com estrongilídeos gastrointestinais, contudo a maioria dos animais na altura da realização
deste estudo apresentava infeções leves e o parasita mais prevalente foi a espécie C. curticei, que
apresenta baixa patogenicidade. Apesar de serem necessários mais estudos, que possibilitem a
validação do uso de técnicas que permitam a realização da desparasitação seletiva nas explorações, o
presente estudo contribuiu para a caraterização do parasitismo de ovinos Serra da Estrela e poderá
servir de base ao desenvolvimento de outros estudos.
Farm animals play an important role in the economic structure of the country. Within these, autochthonous breeds are extremely important, playing a crucial role in promoting sustainable agricultural systems and being adapted to climatic conditions and diseases, namely parasitic diseases. Although there are studies in sheep of autochthonous Portuguese breeds, it is known to the authors of this study that no parasitological studies have been developed in Serra da Estrela sheep, and given their relevance in the economy and tourism of the region, together with the importance of gastrointestinal parasitism in the health and production of small ruminants, it is necessary carry out studies in this area. In addition, in the event of the development of resistance to anthelmintics, it is necessary to administer them selectively. In this sense, studies that associate parasite load with alterations in physical examination or complementary analyses will be essential. The objectives of this study are to determine the parasite load and the presence of several gastrointestinal parasites in Serra da Estrela sheep, to determine the degree of anemia using the FAMACHA® test and the fecal score, and to evaluate the existence of an association between these two variables and gastrointestinal parasitism, thus evaluating the usefulness of this method for the selective deworming of animals. To achieve these objectives, a study was carried out involving 283 Serra da Estrela sheep, distributed by 25 farms located in Oliveira do Hospital and Seia. During a period of three months, fecal samples were collected individually from each animal and the conjunctival mucosa was evaluated using the FAMACHA® test. Feces were analyzed using quantitative coprological techniques, using the McMaster method, and stool cultures were performed to identify L3. Of the total number of parasitized animals, a positivity of 71,7% was observed for the presence of strongylids and an average of 409 OPG was obtained. Of these animals, 7,4% have mild infections. All farms showed mixed infection and of the species observed, Cooperia curticei was the most prevalent with 50.2%. Although the evaluation of the degree of anemia by the® FAMACHA test showed a statistically significant difference (p=0,001) when compared with the parasite load, this difference was only significant between scores 1 and 2, which are groups in which deworming is not advisable. Thus, with the results of this study, it was found that the fecal score and the FAMACHA® test are not a useful tool for selective deworming. The results of the present study also revealed that Serra da Estrela sheep are parasitized with gastrointestinal strongylids, however most of the animals at the time of this study had mild infections and the most prevalent parasite was the species C. curticei, which has low pathogenicity. Although more studies are needed to validate the use of techniques that allow selective deworming on farms, the present study contributed to the characterization of parasitism in Serra da Estrela sheep and may serve as a basis for the development of other studies.
Farm animals play an important role in the economic structure of the country. Within these, autochthonous breeds are extremely important, playing a crucial role in promoting sustainable agricultural systems and being adapted to climatic conditions and diseases, namely parasitic diseases. Although there are studies in sheep of autochthonous Portuguese breeds, it is known to the authors of this study that no parasitological studies have been developed in Serra da Estrela sheep, and given their relevance in the economy and tourism of the region, together with the importance of gastrointestinal parasitism in the health and production of small ruminants, it is necessary carry out studies in this area. In addition, in the event of the development of resistance to anthelmintics, it is necessary to administer them selectively. In this sense, studies that associate parasite load with alterations in physical examination or complementary analyses will be essential. The objectives of this study are to determine the parasite load and the presence of several gastrointestinal parasites in Serra da Estrela sheep, to determine the degree of anemia using the FAMACHA® test and the fecal score, and to evaluate the existence of an association between these two variables and gastrointestinal parasitism, thus evaluating the usefulness of this method for the selective deworming of animals. To achieve these objectives, a study was carried out involving 283 Serra da Estrela sheep, distributed by 25 farms located in Oliveira do Hospital and Seia. During a period of three months, fecal samples were collected individually from each animal and the conjunctival mucosa was evaluated using the FAMACHA® test. Feces were analyzed using quantitative coprological techniques, using the McMaster method, and stool cultures were performed to identify L3. Of the total number of parasitized animals, a positivity of 71,7% was observed for the presence of strongylids and an average of 409 OPG was obtained. Of these animals, 7,4% have mild infections. All farms showed mixed infection and of the species observed, Cooperia curticei was the most prevalent with 50.2%. Although the evaluation of the degree of anemia by the® FAMACHA test showed a statistically significant difference (p=0,001) when compared with the parasite load, this difference was only significant between scores 1 and 2, which are groups in which deworming is not advisable. Thus, with the results of this study, it was found that the fecal score and the FAMACHA® test are not a useful tool for selective deworming. The results of the present study also revealed that Serra da Estrela sheep are parasitized with gastrointestinal strongylids, however most of the animals at the time of this study had mild infections and the most prevalent parasite was the species C. curticei, which has low pathogenicity. Although more studies are needed to validate the use of techniques that allow selective deworming on farms, the present study contributed to the characterization of parasitism in Serra da Estrela sheep and may serve as a basis for the development of other studies.
Description
Keywords
Coprocultura Desparasitação Seletiva Famacha McMaster Ovinos Parasitismo Gastrointestinal Serra da Estrela Coproculture Gastrointestinal Parasitism Selective Deworming Sheep