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Prevalência de maloclusão em crianças entre os 6 e os 10 anos e a sua relação com hábitos de sucção não nutritivos, amamentação e cárie
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Objetivos: Este estudo transversal teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de
maloclusão em crianças que frequentam o 1ºciclo do ensino básico no Agrupamento de
Escolas Dr. António Augusto Louro e relacionar essa mesma prevalência com os
diferentes parâmetros oclusais medidos: a amamentação, os hábitos de sucção não
nutritivos e a cárie dentária.
Materiais e métodos: Foram observadas 175 crianças com idades entre os 6 e os
10 anos, de ambos os sexos. A recolha de dados foi realizada no Concelho do Seixal mais especificamente no Agrupamento de Escolas Dr. António Augusto Louro, em ambiente escolar, com recurso a kits de observação para realização de exames clínicos que foram precedidos pelo preenchimento de questionários e respetivos consentimentos por parte dos responsáveis pelas crianças. Analisaram-se as seguintes características: tipo de arco de Baume, espaços primatas, linha média, relação distal dos segundos molares decíduos, relação dos primeiros molares definitivos, relação canina, mordida aberta, mordida cruzada, mordida topo a topo, sobremordida, sobressaliência e a presença de cárie dentária. Foram também analisadas posteriormente as rotinas de amamentação e os hábitos de sucção não nutritivos.
Resultados: A prevalência de maloclusão foi de 73,1%. A sobressaliência aumentada foi o tipo de maloclusão mais prevalente (92,6%) contrariamente à mordida aberta posterior (6,9%) que se mostrou com a menor prevalência. Observou-se uma alta prevalência de maloclusão nas crianças com arco de Baume tipo II, sem espaços primatas na arcada inferior, com a linha média desviada, mordida aberta, mordida cruzada, mordida topo a topo ou sobremordida aumentada.
Conclusão: A prevalência de maloclusão nas crianças pertencentes ao
Agrupamento em estudo foi elevada. Verificou-se uma ausência de correlação entre a
amamentação e a maloclusão assim como entre a presença de hábitos de sucção não
nutritivos e a maloclusão, sendo também esta condição tão frequente em crianças com
cárie dentária como nas restantes.
Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion in children attending primary school in the Dr. António Augusto Louro Group of Schools and to relate this prevalence to the different occlusal parameters measured: breastfeeding, non-nutritive sucking habits and dental caries. Materials and Methods: 175 children aged 6 to 10 years, of both sexes, were observed. Data collection was carried out in Seixal, more specifically in the Dr. António Augusto Louro School Group, in a school environment, using observation kits for clinical examinations that were preceded by the completion of questionnaires and their consent by those responsible for the children. The following characteristics were analyzed: Baume's arch type, primate spaces, midline, deciduous second molars distal relationship, permanent first molars relationship, canine relationship, open bite, crossbite, end-to-end bite, overbite, overjet and the presence of dental caries. Breastfeeding routines and nonnutritive sucking habits were also analyzed later. Results: The prevalence of malocclusion was 73.1%. Increased overjet was the most prevalent type of malocclusion (92.6%) as opposed to the posterior open bite (6.9%), which was the least prevalent. A high prevalence of malocclusion was observed in children with type II Baume arch, without primate spaces in the lower arch, with midline deflected, open bite, crossbite, end-to-end bite or increased overbite. Conclusion: The prevalence of malocclusion in the children belonging to the study group was high. There was a lack of correlation between breastfeeding and malocclusion, as well as between the presence of non-nutritive sucking habits and malocclusion. This condition is also as common in children with dental caries as in the others.
Aim: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of malocclusion in children attending primary school in the Dr. António Augusto Louro Group of Schools and to relate this prevalence to the different occlusal parameters measured: breastfeeding, non-nutritive sucking habits and dental caries. Materials and Methods: 175 children aged 6 to 10 years, of both sexes, were observed. Data collection was carried out in Seixal, more specifically in the Dr. António Augusto Louro School Group, in a school environment, using observation kits for clinical examinations that were preceded by the completion of questionnaires and their consent by those responsible for the children. The following characteristics were analyzed: Baume's arch type, primate spaces, midline, deciduous second molars distal relationship, permanent first molars relationship, canine relationship, open bite, crossbite, end-to-end bite, overbite, overjet and the presence of dental caries. Breastfeeding routines and nonnutritive sucking habits were also analyzed later. Results: The prevalence of malocclusion was 73.1%. Increased overjet was the most prevalent type of malocclusion (92.6%) as opposed to the posterior open bite (6.9%), which was the least prevalent. A high prevalence of malocclusion was observed in children with type II Baume arch, without primate spaces in the lower arch, with midline deflected, open bite, crossbite, end-to-end bite or increased overbite. Conclusion: The prevalence of malocclusion in the children belonging to the study group was high. There was a lack of correlation between breastfeeding and malocclusion, as well as between the presence of non-nutritive sucking habits and malocclusion. This condition is also as common in children with dental caries as in the others.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Maloclusão Hábitos de sucção não nutritivos Amamentação Cárie dentária