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Doença de corpos de inclusão em cobras
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| 3.04 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A doença de corpos de inclusão (IBD - Inclusion Body Disease) foi descoberta pela primeira vez nos Estados Unidos da América. Esta patologia foi descrita em cobras de cativeiro, sendo que as famílias mais suscetíveis de a contrair são a Boidae, onde se inserem as Boa e a Pythonidae onde estão incluídas as Python, ambas pertencentes à superfamília Henophidae. Dados recentes, estabelecem que a IBD é causada por um vírus pertencente à família Arenaviridae do género Reptarenavirus. Este caracteriza-se por ser um vírus de ácido ribonucleíco (RNA) de cadeia simples negativa (ssRNA negative-strand viruses). A sintomatologia inerente a este vírus engloba apatia, dispneia e afeções respiratórias, sintomatologia gastrointestinal, descoordenação motora - que origina uma posição atípica (descrita como um nó no próprio corpo) - ocorrendo por fim, morte por asfixia ou por infeções bacterianas secundárias. Embora haja animais que apresentem sintomatologia, outros permanecem assintomáticos suspeitando-se que funcionem como reservatório. Esta patologia não tem cura, podendo por vezes ser administrada antibioterapia como método profilático para controlo de infeções bacterianas secundárias. O método mais eficaz para controlar esta patologia passa pela eutanásia dos animais positivos.Em 2014, no zoológico da Maia, foi realizado um estudo, que reportou a presença de doença de corpos de inclusão na coleção de cobras existente. Já em 2016, deu-se início a este trabalho, que teve como principal objetivo rastrear a presença versus ausência desta patologia. Foram estudados 49 animais, através de colheita de sangue, esfregaço sanguíneo com coloração com Hematoxilina & Eosina (H&E) e posterior observação à microscopia ótica, utilizando uma ampliação de 100x. Desses 49 animais, sete apresentavam inclusões compatíveis com a doença de corpos de inclusão, sendo que dois deles suscitaram dúvidas e 40 foram considerados negativos, salvaguardando-se a possibilidade de serem falsos negativos.
Não foi efetuado qualquer tipo de tratamento de suporte nem nenhum dos animais foi eutanasiado, uma vez que não apresentavam sintomatologia clínica e o resultado do diagnóstico foi de título presuntivo.
Inclusion Body Disease (IBD) was first discovered in the United States of America. This pathology has been described in captive snakes, and the most susceptible families are Boidae, where the Boa and Pythonidae are inserted where the Python, both belonging to the superfamily Henophidae, are inserted. Recent data establish that IBD is caused by a virus belonging to the family Arenaviridae of the genus Reptarenavirus. This is characterized by being a single negative ribonucleic acid (ssRNA negative-strand virus) virus. Symptoms inherent to this virus include apathy dyspnea and respiratory affections, gastrointestinal symptomatology, motor incoordination that gives rise to a typical position (described as a node in the body itself), eventually occurring asphyxia or secondary bacterial infections. Although there are animals that present symptomatology, others remain asymptomatic suspecting that they function as reservoir. This pathology has no cure, and antibiotic therapy may sometimes be administered as a prophylactic method for the control of secondary bacterial infections. The most effective method to control this pathology is through the euthanasia of positive animals.In 2014 at the Maia Zoo, a study was carried out, which reported the presence of inclusion body disease in the snake collection. In 2016, another study was carried out, whose main objective was to track the presence versus absence of the pathology. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H & E) stained with blood, blood smear and subsequent observation under optical microscopy using a 100x magnification. Of these 49 animals, seven presented inclusions compatible with inclusion body disease, two of them raised doubts and 40 were considered negative, safeguarding the possibility of being false negatives. No supportive care was given nor were any of the animals euthanized, as they did not present clinical symptoms.
Inclusion Body Disease (IBD) was first discovered in the United States of America. This pathology has been described in captive snakes, and the most susceptible families are Boidae, where the Boa and Pythonidae are inserted where the Python, both belonging to the superfamily Henophidae, are inserted. Recent data establish that IBD is caused by a virus belonging to the family Arenaviridae of the genus Reptarenavirus. This is characterized by being a single negative ribonucleic acid (ssRNA negative-strand virus) virus. Symptoms inherent to this virus include apathy dyspnea and respiratory affections, gastrointestinal symptomatology, motor incoordination that gives rise to a typical position (described as a node in the body itself), eventually occurring asphyxia or secondary bacterial infections. Although there are animals that present symptomatology, others remain asymptomatic suspecting that they function as reservoir. This pathology has no cure, and antibiotic therapy may sometimes be administered as a prophylactic method for the control of secondary bacterial infections. The most effective method to control this pathology is through the euthanasia of positive animals.In 2014 at the Maia Zoo, a study was carried out, which reported the presence of inclusion body disease in the snake collection. In 2016, another study was carried out, whose main objective was to track the presence versus absence of the pathology. Hematoxylin & Eosin (H & E) stained with blood, blood smear and subsequent observation under optical microscopy using a 100x magnification. Of these 49 animals, seven presented inclusions compatible with inclusion body disease, two of them raised doubts and 40 were considered negative, safeguarding the possibility of being false negatives. No supportive care was given nor were any of the animals euthanized, as they did not present clinical symptoms.
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Keywords
Doença de corpos de inclusão Reptarenavirus Boa Python Coleções de cobras Inclusion body disease Snake collections