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Eimeriose e cryptosporidiose em vitelos de explorações leiteiras da ilha de São Miguel (Açores)
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Abstract(s)
Cryptosporidium spp. e Eimeria spp. são agentes patogénicos responsáveis por elevadas perdas económicas em explorações de bovinos leiteiros a nível mundial. Além do impacto económico, Cryptosporidium spp. é um agente zoonótico, sendo os bovinos o seu principal reservatório. Estudos realizados em diversos países têm revelado diversos fatores de risco associados à presença de espécies de Eimeria e Cryptosporidium, com prevalências que variam entre 10% e 73% para o Género Eimeria e 12% e 96% para o Género Cryptosporidium.
Esta dissertação é referente a um estudo parasitológico realizado na ilha de São Miguel - Açores, que foi possível integrar na componente prática do estágio final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária. Fizeram parte deste estudo 46 vitelos da raça Holstein-Frísia, com idades compreendidas entre os 6 e 60 dias, pertencentes a 7 explorações. Foram realizados exames coprológicos para pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa de Eimeria spp. e Cryptosporidium spp. e identificação de espécies de Eimeria spp. Adicionalmente foi preenchido um questionário para obtenção de informação sobre os animais amostrados e fatores de risco presentes nas explorações.
Foi detetada a presença de Cryptosporidium spp. em 26% das amostras analisadas (12/46) e em 43% (3/7) das explorações. Para Eimeria spp., 24% (11/46) dos vitelos apresentaram oocistos fecais, correspondendo a 57% (4/7) de explorações infetadas.
Das 8 espécies de Eimeria identificadas, Eimeria cylindrica e Eimeria subspherica foram as mais prevalentes, seguidas de Eimeria zuernii, Eimeria bovis, Eimeria alabamensis, Eimeria ellipsoidalis, Eimeria canadensis e Eimeria bukidnonensis.
O fator sexo foi associado à presença de Cryptosporidium spp., com maior probabilidade de negatividade em vitelos do sexo masculino.
Cryptosporidium spp. and Eimeria spp. are pathogens responsible for high economic losses in dairy cattle farms worldwide. Besides the economic impact, the Cryptosporidium spp. is a zoonotic agent and cattle is its main reservoir. Studies in several countries have revealed several risk factors associated with the presence of species of Eimeria and Cryptosporidium, whose prevalence varies between 10% and 73% for the Genus Eimeria and 12% and 96% for the Genus Cryptosporidium. This dissertation concerns a parasitological study conducted on the island of São Miguel - Azores that was possible to integrate in the practical component of a final integrated Masters Degree of Veterinary Medicine. This study included 46 calves Holstein-Friesian, aged between 6 and 60 days, belonging to 7 farms. Coprology examinations were performed for qualitative and quantitative research of Eimeria spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. and also for the identification of Eimeria spp. species. A questionnaire was also filled to get information about the animals sampled and about the risk factors on the farms. It was detected the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in 26% of the analyzed samples (12/46) and in 43% (3/7) of the farms. For Eimeria spp. 24% (11/46) of calves had fecal oocysts, corresponding to 57% (4/7) of infected farms. Of the 8 different Eimeria identified species, Eimeria cylindrica and Eimeria subspherica were the most prevalent, followed by Eimeria zuernii, Eimeria bovis, Eimeria alabamensis, Eimeria ellipsoidalis, Eimeria canadensis and Eimeria bukidnonensis. The gender factor was associated with the presence of Cryptosporidium spp., with greater probability of negativity in male calves.
Cryptosporidium spp. and Eimeria spp. are pathogens responsible for high economic losses in dairy cattle farms worldwide. Besides the economic impact, the Cryptosporidium spp. is a zoonotic agent and cattle is its main reservoir. Studies in several countries have revealed several risk factors associated with the presence of species of Eimeria and Cryptosporidium, whose prevalence varies between 10% and 73% for the Genus Eimeria and 12% and 96% for the Genus Cryptosporidium. This dissertation concerns a parasitological study conducted on the island of São Miguel - Azores that was possible to integrate in the practical component of a final integrated Masters Degree of Veterinary Medicine. This study included 46 calves Holstein-Friesian, aged between 6 and 60 days, belonging to 7 farms. Coprology examinations were performed for qualitative and quantitative research of Eimeria spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. and also for the identification of Eimeria spp. species. A questionnaire was also filled to get information about the animals sampled and about the risk factors on the farms. It was detected the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. in 26% of the analyzed samples (12/46) and in 43% (3/7) of the farms. For Eimeria spp. 24% (11/46) of calves had fecal oocysts, corresponding to 57% (4/7) of infected farms. Of the 8 different Eimeria identified species, Eimeria cylindrica and Eimeria subspherica were the most prevalent, followed by Eimeria zuernii, Eimeria bovis, Eimeria alabamensis, Eimeria ellipsoidalis, Eimeria canadensis and Eimeria bukidnonensis. The gender factor was associated with the presence of Cryptosporidium spp., with greater probability of negativity in male calves.
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Keywords
Vitelos Eimeria Cryptosporidium São Miguel Calves