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Authors
Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho recai sobre a temática da Saúde e Segurança no trabalho
relativamente às atividades realizadas por militares destacados em navios da esquadrilha da
Marinha Portuguesa, com especial foco para os navios patrulha oceânica da classe Viana do
Castelo. Estes são frequentemente solicitados ao longo dos anos para efetuar missões em
diferentes pontos do globo encontrando-se sujeitos a diversas condições térmicas.
Por este motivo, e também dependendo do compartimento onde os militares destas
guarnições se encontrem, irão experienciar diferentes tipos de ambientes térmicos. O estudo e
identificação destes ambientes representa uma importante tarefa na medida que permite a
melhoria das condições de trabalho e por conseguinte, a produtividade de cada individuo. Outro
motivo que consolida a necessidade de efetuar estudos nesta área, passa por fornecer
ferramentas que permitam suprir a suscetibilidade de se sucederem episódios de perdas
materiais e humanas no decorrer de uma missão devido à diminuição do bem-estar e aumento
da fadiga provocados pela interação com ambientes quentes e frios.
Numa primeira fase, com recurso ao ASHRAE Handbook Fundamentals foi feito o
levantamento teórico para a aquisição de conhecimento na área de estudo permitindo de forma
experimental calcular o isolamento térmico do uniforme de embarque utilizado atualmente na
Marinha Portuguesa. No entanto, as condições do COVID não permitiram o acesso ao
laboratório.
De seguida com recurso às ISO 7730, 7933 e 11079 foi possível quantificar e caracterizar
os compartimentos e zonas de conforto, stress térmico quente (cozinha de bordo e espaço de
máquinas) e frio (câmaras térmicas e espaços exteriores) respetivamente.
Com os resultados obtidos é de supor que no verão, o uniforme de embarque não se
adequa às condições térmicas de projeto nos espaços interiores, uma vez que é estimada a
sensação de calor na maioria das situações. No entanto, para os restantes espaços analisados, a
prestação dos mesmos é satisfatória, porém poderá comprometer o sucesso de algumas tarefas
para climas mais severos.
The present work is focused on the thematic of Health and Safety at work in relation to the activities deployed by the ships fleet members, with a special focus on the oceanic patrol vessels from the Viana do Castelo’s class. These are frequently requested over the years to accomplish goals in different parts of the globe, facing different thermal conditions. For this reason, and depending on the position where the military are located, they intend to experience different thermal environments. The study and identification of these environments represent an important task as it allows the improvement of working conditions and, consequently, the productivity of each worker. Another reason that solidifies the need to carry out studies in this area involves the tools that improve the susceptibility of material and human loss episodes occurring during a mission due to the increased fatigue caused by the interaction with hot and cold environments. Firstly, using ASHRAE Handbook Fundamentals, a theoretical survey was carried out to acquire knowledge in this area of study and calculate using experiments the thermal insulation of the uniforms currently used in the Portuguese Navy. However, due to COVD, it was not possible to access the thermal Laboratory. Then, using ISO 7730, 7933, and 11079 it was possible to quantify and characterize the comfort compartments and the others that could provide episodes of hot (onboard kitchen and machinery space) and cold stress (refrigeration chambers and outdoor spaces), respectively. With the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that, in the summer, the uniform is not recommended for the thermal conditions of the project present in the internal compartments since the sensation of heat could be experienced in most cases. However, for the remaining spaces, their use is satisfactory, but it can compromise the success of some tasks for more severe climates.
The present work is focused on the thematic of Health and Safety at work in relation to the activities deployed by the ships fleet members, with a special focus on the oceanic patrol vessels from the Viana do Castelo’s class. These are frequently requested over the years to accomplish goals in different parts of the globe, facing different thermal conditions. For this reason, and depending on the position where the military are located, they intend to experience different thermal environments. The study and identification of these environments represent an important task as it allows the improvement of working conditions and, consequently, the productivity of each worker. Another reason that solidifies the need to carry out studies in this area involves the tools that improve the susceptibility of material and human loss episodes occurring during a mission due to the increased fatigue caused by the interaction with hot and cold environments. Firstly, using ASHRAE Handbook Fundamentals, a theoretical survey was carried out to acquire knowledge in this area of study and calculate using experiments the thermal insulation of the uniforms currently used in the Portuguese Navy. However, due to COVD, it was not possible to access the thermal Laboratory. Then, using ISO 7730, 7933, and 11079 it was possible to quantify and characterize the comfort compartments and the others that could provide episodes of hot (onboard kitchen and machinery space) and cold stress (refrigeration chambers and outdoor spaces), respectively. With the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that, in the summer, the uniform is not recommended for the thermal conditions of the project present in the internal compartments since the sensation of heat could be experienced in most cases. However, for the remaining spaces, their use is satisfactory, but it can compromise the success of some tasks for more severe climates.
Description
Keywords
Saúde e Segurança no trabalho Navios de patrulha oceânica Conforto térmico Ambientes térmicos quentes, confortáveis e frios, uniforme de embarque