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A gravidez constitui um período marcado por profundas alterações fisiológicas,
hormonais e emocionais, que podem influenciar significativamente a qualidade do sono
da mulher. As alterações do sono tendem a intensificar-se ao longo da gravidez,
particularmente no 3.º trimestre. Neste contexto, a presente dissertação procurou analisar
os fatores que influenciam a qualidade do sono nesta fase.
Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo, correlacional e transversal, de natureza
quantitativa. A investigação incluiu grávidas com idade gestacional igual ou superior a
32 semanas de gravidez, acompanhadas em contexto hospitalar. Foram utilizados como
instrumentos de colheita de dados, um questionário sociodemográfico e obstétrico, o
Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh – versão portuguesa (PSQI-PT) e um
questionário de avaliação dos conhecimentos e estratégias de promoção do sono.
Os resultados indicaram uma elevada prevalência de má qualidade do sono entre
as participantes, sendo a latência do sono o fator mais determinante para o descanso
insatisfatório. Verificou-se que a maioria das grávidas sente um agravamento do padrão
de sono durante a gravidez, influenciado por fatores como o desconforto térmico,
nomeadamente o calor, e dificuldades respiratórias. Apesar de as participantes
apresentarem uma adesão significativa a estratégias de higiene do sono, este
conhecimento revelou-se insuficiente para garantir uma boa qualidade do mesmo.
Concluiu-se que a má qualidade do sono apresenta elevada prevalência nas
grávidas do 3.º trimestre de gravidez, observando-se alterações significativas nos padrões
de sono e a influência de múltiplos fatores associados a esta fase gestacional, destacando-se
a latência do sono como um determinante relevante da sua qualidade.
Pregnancy is a period marked by profound physiological, hormonal, and emotional changes that can significantly affect women’s sleep quality. Sleep disturbances tend to intensify throughout pregnancy, particularly during the third trimester. In this context, this dissertation sought to analyse the factors influencing sleep quality during this stage. This was a descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The study included pregnant women with a gestational age of 32 weeks or more who were followed in a hospital setting. The data collection instruments included a sociodemographic and obstetric questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index – portuguese version (PSQI-PT), and a questionnaire assessing knowledge and strategies for promoting sleep. The results indicated a high prevalence of poor sleep quality among the participants, with sleep latency emerging as the most decisive factor associated with unsatisfactory sleep. Most pregnant women reported a worsening of sleep patterns during pregnancy, influenced by factors such as thermal discomfort, particularly heat, and breathing difficulties. Although the participants demonstrated high adherence to sleep hygiene strategies, this knowledge proved insufficient to ensure good sleep quality. It was concluded that poor sleep quality is highly prevalent among women in the third trimester of pregnancy, with significant changes in sleep patterns and the influence of multiple factors associated with this stage of pregnancy. Sleep latency emerged as a key determinant of sleep quality.
Pregnancy is a period marked by profound physiological, hormonal, and emotional changes that can significantly affect women’s sleep quality. Sleep disturbances tend to intensify throughout pregnancy, particularly during the third trimester. In this context, this dissertation sought to analyse the factors influencing sleep quality during this stage. This was a descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The study included pregnant women with a gestational age of 32 weeks or more who were followed in a hospital setting. The data collection instruments included a sociodemographic and obstetric questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index – portuguese version (PSQI-PT), and a questionnaire assessing knowledge and strategies for promoting sleep. The results indicated a high prevalence of poor sleep quality among the participants, with sleep latency emerging as the most decisive factor associated with unsatisfactory sleep. Most pregnant women reported a worsening of sleep patterns during pregnancy, influenced by factors such as thermal discomfort, particularly heat, and breathing difficulties. Although the participants demonstrated high adherence to sleep hygiene strategies, this knowledge proved insufficient to ensure good sleep quality. It was concluded that poor sleep quality is highly prevalent among women in the third trimester of pregnancy, with significant changes in sleep patterns and the influence of multiple factors associated with this stage of pregnancy. Sleep latency emerged as a key determinant of sleep quality.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
qualidade do sono gravidez terceiro trimestre enfermagem de saúde materna e obstétrica sleep quality pregnancy third trimester midwifery
Contexto Educativo
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