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“Joint Investigation Teams”. O Combate à Criminalidade Transnacional: Balanço Operacional Português (2018-2021)
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Abstract(s)
A globalização e a evolução das sociedades e do mundo, criaram inúmeras oportunidades a diversos níveis. Vimos os Estados progredirem, a procurarem alianças de variadas índoles (estratégicas, tecnológicas, militares, económicas, entre outras). Mas, não foram só os estados a beneficiar desta evolução natural, o mundo paralelo do crime, acompanhou esta tendência, superando-a por vezes. A atividade criminosa alastrou a sua esfera de influência, passando da realidade nacional à transnacional, muita das vezes corrompendo organismos e autoridades públicas, com o fim de obtenção de poder e lucro.Para fazer face a esta nova realidade, surgem entidades supra estatais, alicerçadas no esforço conjunto das nações para a prevenção e combate a este flagelo. A Europol e a Eurojust, são exemplos a nível europeu da cooperação internacional no sector securitário e judiciário. No âmbito desta cooperação, surgem as Joint Investigation Teams (JIT), ou Equipas de Investigação Conjunta, equipas vocacionadas para a investigação transnacional de criminalidade organizada.Procedemos à análise da atividade das autoridades portuguesas em investigações com a sua participação em JIT, com base nos relatórios anuais da Eurojust, entre 2018 e 2021, e comparamos esta atividade com outros países, próximos da nossa realidade criminal, suportados pelo Global Organized Crime Index.Verificamos que Portugal tem recorrido a esta ferramenta de cooperação, cada vez mais importante no combate ao crime transnacional. Mas, está longe da realidade de outras nações no que concerne a atividade operacional desenvolvida nestes quatro anos de análise.
Globalization and the evolution of societies and the world have created countless opportunities at various levels. We have seen States evolving, seeking alliances of several kinds (strategic, technological, military, economic, among others). But it was not only the states that benefited from this natural evolution; the parallel world of crime followed this trend, sometimes surpassing it. Criminal activity has spread its sphere of influence from national to transnational reality, often corrupting public organizations and authorities to obtain power and profit.To face this new reality, supra-state entities have arisen, based on the joint effort of nations to prevent and combat this scourge. Europol and Eurojust are examples at European level of international cooperation at a security and judicial level. As part of this cooperation, Joint Investigation Teams (JIT) have emerged, teams dedicated to the transnational investigation of organized crime.We analyzed the activity of the Portuguese authorities in investigations with participation in JITs, based on the annual reports of Eurojust, between 2018 and 2021, and compared this activity with other countries, close to our criminal reality, supported by the Global Organized Crime Index.We verified that Portugal has used this cooperation tool, increasingly important in the fight against transnational crime. But it is far from the reality of other nations in what concerns the operational activity developed in these four years of analysis.
Globalization and the evolution of societies and the world have created countless opportunities at various levels. We have seen States evolving, seeking alliances of several kinds (strategic, technological, military, economic, among others). But it was not only the states that benefited from this natural evolution; the parallel world of crime followed this trend, sometimes surpassing it. Criminal activity has spread its sphere of influence from national to transnational reality, often corrupting public organizations and authorities to obtain power and profit.To face this new reality, supra-state entities have arisen, based on the joint effort of nations to prevent and combat this scourge. Europol and Eurojust are examples at European level of international cooperation at a security and judicial level. As part of this cooperation, Joint Investigation Teams (JIT) have emerged, teams dedicated to the transnational investigation of organized crime.We analyzed the activity of the Portuguese authorities in investigations with participation in JITs, based on the annual reports of Eurojust, between 2018 and 2021, and compared this activity with other countries, close to our criminal reality, supported by the Global Organized Crime Index.We verified that Portugal has used this cooperation tool, increasingly important in the fight against transnational crime. But it is far from the reality of other nations in what concerns the operational activity developed in these four years of analysis.
Description
Keywords
Criminalidade transnacional Cooperação Internacional Eurojust Investigação Criminal Equipas de investigação conjunta Transnational Crime International Cooperation Eurojust Joint Investigation Teams Criminal Investigation
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Garcês, Bruno Miguel Oliveira(2024). “Joint Investigation Teams”. O Combate à Criminalidade Transnacional: Balanço Operacional Português (2018-2021).Janus.net, e-journal of international relations.VOL 15, Nº.1, May-October, pp. 100-119. DOI : https://doi.org/10.26619/1647-7251.15.1.6
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