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A mulher no crime: submissa ou subtil?
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Abstract(s)
É de crucial relevância que se analisem os diversos fenómenos sociais através de uma
“lente de género”. Só assim poderemos compreender a forma como são influenciados
por essa dimensão. No decorrer desta ideia, a criminologia deverá também ser explorada
segundo esta perspetiva, originando uma abordagem de género no que respeita à
criminalidade que envolva, para além da biologia, outros âmbitos, como o cultural, o
sociológico, o histórico e o filosófico.
Neste estudo pretende-se uma análise do fenómeno criminal através da experiência
feminina, abordando a forma como as mulheres vivem o crime, principalmente no papel
de agressoras. Mais especificamente, visa-se o relacionamento deste fator com a Teoria
das Atividades Rotineiras, desenvolvida em 1979 por Lawrence E. Cohen e Marcus
Felson, uma das quatro teorias no âmbito da Criminologia Ambiental, de forma a
compreender melhor as estatísticas da criminalidade feminina.
Segundo a Teoria das Atividades Rotineiras, um conjunto de fatores, tais como a
educação, a socialização, a oportunidade e a motivação, impulsionam o cometimento de
delitos. As rotinas individuais irão contribuir para a convergência destas variáveis. Visto
que homens e mulheres possuem rotinas diferenciadas em função do género, derivadas
de um longo processo histórico de socialização, irão também ter divergências no que
respeita às oportunidades criminais.
The analysis of the diverse social phenomena through the prism of gender is crucial to our understanding of how the social occurrences are shaped by gender. Therefore, the criminology should adopt the same gender-based approach that accounts for not only biological component but also the scope of culture, social organization and philosophy of the group in each case. It this study we pretend to analyse crime by recourse to female experience of crime, particularly of the female aggressors. We aim to investigate the role of the gender factor in female crime in the context of one of four theories of Environmental Criminology - Routine Activity Theory (proposed by Lawrence E. Cohen and Marcus Felson, 1979) and its correlation with observed statistical data. The number of factors, such as education, socialization, opportunities and motivation, promote undertaking of delicts. The individual routines will contribute greatly to convergence of this variables. However, as a result of a longstanding historical socialization, female and male individuals exhibit the differentials gender routines. Hence, females and males will have distinct commonality of criminal opportunity.
The analysis of the diverse social phenomena through the prism of gender is crucial to our understanding of how the social occurrences are shaped by gender. Therefore, the criminology should adopt the same gender-based approach that accounts for not only biological component but also the scope of culture, social organization and philosophy of the group in each case. It this study we pretend to analyse crime by recourse to female experience of crime, particularly of the female aggressors. We aim to investigate the role of the gender factor in female crime in the context of one of four theories of Environmental Criminology - Routine Activity Theory (proposed by Lawrence E. Cohen and Marcus Felson, 1979) and its correlation with observed statistical data. The number of factors, such as education, socialization, opportunities and motivation, promote undertaking of delicts. The individual routines will contribute greatly to convergence of this variables. However, as a result of a longstanding historical socialization, female and male individuals exhibit the differentials gender routines. Hence, females and males will have distinct commonality of criminal opportunity.
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Keywords
Criminologia Ambiental Feminino Género Delinquência