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Caracterização dos Modelos de Formação para o desenvolvimento de comportamentos de Liderança em contexto militar
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Abstract(s)
Este estudo incide no âmbito da formação de líderes militares, mais especificamente sobre os comportamentos de liderança auto-percepcionados pelos Aspirantes Alunos finalistas do curso de Infantaria da Academia Militar e os Aspirantes em Regime de Voluntariado/Contrato de Infantaria do Curso Especial de Formação de Oficiais, assim como a percepção dos seus subordinados (formandos) durante a prática da acção de comando. Numa amostra de 196 militares, aplicou-se o questionário da escala de liderança no desporto ELD) adaptada ao contexto militar. Esta escala é composta por cinco dimensões, duas relativas ao estilo de decisão do formador (democrático, autocrático) e as restantes relativas à interacção entre os formadores e os formandos (treino e instrução, reforço positivo e suporte social).
Após a aplicação do questionário aos formadores e formandos, encontrou-se um quadro de referência dos comportamentos de liderança auto-percepcionados pelos Aspirantes de Infantaria do Quadro Permanente e pelos Aspirantes de Infantaria em Regime de Voluntariado/Contrato e percepcionados pelos formandos do qual concluímos que os Aspirantes de Infantaria do Quadro Permanente valorizam mais a tomada de decisão autocrático mas praticam mais a tomada de decisão democrático, enquanto, os Aspirantes em Regime de Voluntariado/Contrato atribuem mais frequência aos seus comportamentos do que na realidade praticam.
No que diz respeito à percepção dos formandos sobre os comportamentos dos seus formadores, verificou-se a existência de diferenças significativas nas dimensões treino e instrução, suporte social e estilo de decisão democrático. Concluímos que os Aspirantes de Infantaria do Quadro Permanente estão mais orientados para as relações interpessoais e os Aspirantes de Infantaria em Regime de Voluntariado/Contrato estão mais orientados para a tarefa.
This study falls in the ambit of the formation (training) of military leaders, but explicitly, the self perceived leadership behaviours of Aspirant Students (Infantry finalists of the Military Academy), and the Aspirants of the Special Course of Formation of Officials under the Voluntary/Contract Regime of the Infantry, as well as the perception of their subordinates (formed) during the practice of commandership. To a sample of 196 military, we applied a questionnaire of the leadership scale of sport (LSS) adapted to military context. This scale is composed of five dimensions: two of them referring to the instructor style of decision (democratic, autocratic), and the others referring to the interaction between instructors and trainees (training and instruction, positive feedback and social support). After applying the questionnaire to the instructorsand the trainees, a reference list was exposed, showing the self perceived leadership behaviours of the instructors (Infantry Aspirants Students and Infantry Aspirants under the Voluntary/Contract Regime) and perceived by the trainees, reaching the conclusion that the Infantry Aspirants Students, value more, the taking of an autocratic decision, but practice more, the taking of a democratic decision. Whereas, the Aspirants of the Voluntary/Contract Regime ascribe more frequently to their behaviours, than in reality they practise. With respect to the perception of the trainees, concerning the behaviour of their instructors, significant differences were evident in the dimensions of training and instruction, social support and style of democratic decision taking. We reached the conclusion that, the Infantry Aspirants Students are more orientated towards interpersonal relationships, and the Infantry Aspirants under the voluntary/Contract Regime are more orientated towards the task.
This study falls in the ambit of the formation (training) of military leaders, but explicitly, the self perceived leadership behaviours of Aspirant Students (Infantry finalists of the Military Academy), and the Aspirants of the Special Course of Formation of Officials under the Voluntary/Contract Regime of the Infantry, as well as the perception of their subordinates (formed) during the practice of commandership. To a sample of 196 military, we applied a questionnaire of the leadership scale of sport (LSS) adapted to military context. This scale is composed of five dimensions: two of them referring to the instructor style of decision (democratic, autocratic), and the others referring to the interaction between instructors and trainees (training and instruction, positive feedback and social support). After applying the questionnaire to the instructorsand the trainees, a reference list was exposed, showing the self perceived leadership behaviours of the instructors (Infantry Aspirants Students and Infantry Aspirants under the Voluntary/Contract Regime) and perceived by the trainees, reaching the conclusion that the Infantry Aspirants Students, value more, the taking of an autocratic decision, but practice more, the taking of a democratic decision. Whereas, the Aspirants of the Voluntary/Contract Regime ascribe more frequently to their behaviours, than in reality they practise. With respect to the perception of the trainees, concerning the behaviour of their instructors, significant differences were evident in the dimensions of training and instruction, social support and style of democratic decision taking. We reached the conclusion that, the Infantry Aspirants Students are more orientated towards interpersonal relationships, and the Infantry Aspirants under the voluntary/Contract Regime are more orientated towards the task.
Description
Keywords
Liderança Formador Formando Formação em contexto militar
Citation
Publisher
Academia Militar. Direção de Ensino