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Prevenção rodoviária e o comportamento do condutor: um estudo quase experimental
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Abstract(s)
Os últimos anos têm apresentado um decréscimo aparente e tímido nos valores da sinistralidade rodoviária. Apesar de todas as evoluções no automóvel e na via, o Homem, através do seu comportamento, não foi capaz de as acompanhar, sendo responsável por mais de 90% dos acidentes. Como principais causas encontra-se a velocidade e os seus excessos, que se constituem também como fator potenciador da ocorrência de sinistros e como fator agravador das consequências destes. Vários estudos mostram que o controlo de velocidade, mormente pela utilização de radares, é eficaz na redução dos excessos e da sinistralidade rodoviária nessas vias.
É neste âmbito que se procura testar a capacidade de dissuasão de uma viatura policial caracterizada, comparando-a com a de um radar sinalizado. Para tal realizámos um estudo quase experimental, que decorreu no mês de março de 2019, em duas vias públicas da cidade de Lisboa e que procurou aferir, através de amostras acidentais independentes, o comportamento dos condutores no que respeita à alteração da velocidade face a estes estímulos.
Os resultados obtidos levaram-nos a concluir que ambos os estímulos utilizados determinam uma redução inicial das velocidades praticadas pelos condutores. No entanto, na presença da viatura policial esta redução prolongou-se ao longo da via, enquanto na presença do radar sinalizado ocorreu um efeito de compensação pela anterior redução de velocidade, superando assim as velocidades inicialmente registadas.
The last few years have shown an apparent and timid decrease in the number of road accidents. Despite all the developments in the automobile and road, Human wasn’t able to follow them, being responsible for more than 90% of the accidents. The main causes are the speed and its excesses, which are also a factor that contributes to the occurrence of accidents and as an aggravating factor of the consequences of them. Several studies show that speed control, especially by the use of radars, is effective in reducing speed in these roads and the accidents. It is within this context that we try to test the deterrence capacity of a characterized police vehicle, comparing it with that of a signaled radar. In order to do this, we performed a quasi-experimental study, which took place in March 2019, in two public roads in the city of Lisbon, and tried to measure, through random samples, the drivers' behavior related to changes of speed, in face of these stimuli. The results obtained lead us to conclude that both stimuli used determine an initial reduction of the speeds practiced by the conductors. However, in the presence of the police car this reduction was prolonged along the road, while in the presence of the signaled radar a compensation effect occurred due to the previous reduction of speed, thus exceeding the initially recorded speeds.
The last few years have shown an apparent and timid decrease in the number of road accidents. Despite all the developments in the automobile and road, Human wasn’t able to follow them, being responsible for more than 90% of the accidents. The main causes are the speed and its excesses, which are also a factor that contributes to the occurrence of accidents and as an aggravating factor of the consequences of them. Several studies show that speed control, especially by the use of radars, is effective in reducing speed in these roads and the accidents. It is within this context that we try to test the deterrence capacity of a characterized police vehicle, comparing it with that of a signaled radar. In order to do this, we performed a quasi-experimental study, which took place in March 2019, in two public roads in the city of Lisbon, and tried to measure, through random samples, the drivers' behavior related to changes of speed, in face of these stimuli. The results obtained lead us to conclude that both stimuli used determine an initial reduction of the speeds practiced by the conductors. However, in the presence of the police car this reduction was prolonged along the road, while in the presence of the signaled radar a compensation effect occurred due to the previous reduction of speed, thus exceeding the initially recorded speeds.
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Keywords
Sinistralidade rodoviária Comportamento humano Controlo de velocidade Radar Ação policial