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Avaliação da gestão dos resíduos provenientes da manutenção de extintores
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| 2.33 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O extintor, por ser um meio de combate a incêndio de fácil posicionamento e utilização, assume especial importância no âmbito do combate a incêndios. A sua eficácia depende em grande parte da qualificação e experiência do utilizador e da adequação das características químicas do agente de extinção às características do fenómeno da combustão.
Sendo o extintor o equipamento mais utilizado na fase inicial do combate a um incêndio, ganha uma importância acrescida o controlo sobre a sua manutenção, imposta pela normativa de segurança contra incêndios atualmente vigente em Portugal.
Considerando as exigências legais previstas no Decreto-Lei n.º 220/2008, de 31 de Dezembro, associadas a uma maior consciência e conhecimento por parte do cliente em relação à fiabilidade do extintor e uma maior consciência ambiental, exigem práticas, eficientes e conscientes, que satisfaçam os princípios da eco-eficiência através da implementação de sistemas de gestão adequados à utilização e processamento em fim de vida dos extintores de combate a incêndio.
Com a presente tese pretende-se analisar o ciclo de vida do extintor, avaliar e comparar possíveis alternativas, mais eco-eficientes, que se traduzam em benefícios ambientais e económicos, tendo como base o estudo do processo implementado em empresas certificadas.
A recolha e tratamento de resíduos provenientes da manutenção de extintores são parte essencial no âmbito do sistema de gestão de qualquer empresa de manutenção de extintores, no âmbito das novas políticas de gestão ambiental.
The fire extinguisher, as a means of fire fighting easy positioning and use of particular importance in the context of firefighting. Its effectiveness depends largely on the qualifications and experience of the user and the adequacy of chemical extinguishing agent to the characteristics of the phenomenon of combustion. Being the extinguisher equipment most commonly used in the initial phase of fighting a fire, gets an added importance in control of their maintenance, imposed by the rules of fire safety currently in force in Portugal. Considering the legal requirements laid down in Decree-Law n. º 220/2008, of December 31, associated with a greater awareness and knowledge of the client in relation to the reliability of the extinguisher and greater environmental awareness, require practical, efficient and conscious that satisfy the principles of eco-efficiency through the implementation of appropriate management systems to use and end-of-life processing of extinguishers fire fighting. With this thesis aims to analyze the life cycle of the extinguisher, evaluating and comparing possible alternatives, more eco-efficient, which result in environmental and economic benefits, based on the study of the process implemented in companies certified by the International Standards Organization for Standardization (ISO). The collection and treatment of waste from maintenance of fire extinguishers are an essential part within the management system of any sprinkler maintenance company, under the new environmental management policies.
The fire extinguisher, as a means of fire fighting easy positioning and use of particular importance in the context of firefighting. Its effectiveness depends largely on the qualifications and experience of the user and the adequacy of chemical extinguishing agent to the characteristics of the phenomenon of combustion. Being the extinguisher equipment most commonly used in the initial phase of fighting a fire, gets an added importance in control of their maintenance, imposed by the rules of fire safety currently in force in Portugal. Considering the legal requirements laid down in Decree-Law n. º 220/2008, of December 31, associated with a greater awareness and knowledge of the client in relation to the reliability of the extinguisher and greater environmental awareness, require practical, efficient and conscious that satisfy the principles of eco-efficiency through the implementation of appropriate management systems to use and end-of-life processing of extinguishers fire fighting. With this thesis aims to analyze the life cycle of the extinguisher, evaluating and comparing possible alternatives, more eco-efficient, which result in environmental and economic benefits, based on the study of the process implemented in companies certified by the International Standards Organization for Standardization (ISO). The collection and treatment of waste from maintenance of fire extinguishers are an essential part within the management system of any sprinkler maintenance company, under the new environmental management policies.
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Keywords
Extintor Agentes extintores ciclo de vida do produto eco-eficiência extinguisher extinguishing agents the product life cycle eco-efficiency