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Publication
Posições da Artilharia de Campanha: Adaptação ao ambiente operacional contemporâneo
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Authors
Soares, Duarte Filipe Patrício Ferreira
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A missão da Artilharia de Campanha tem por base o emprego de sistemas de armas de tiro indireto (obuses)1, destinados à realização de missões de tiro em apoio às unidades de manobra, através da execução fogos indiretos2 sobre objetivos inopinados ou planeados. Para tal, é necessário um criterioso posicionamento das secções de bocas de fogo no terreno, tendo em conta não só o alcance requerido, bem como a sua sobrevivência, considerando a ameaça existente, materializada pelos meios de deteção e de contrabateria inimigos.
É irrefutável que os desenvolvimentos tecnológicos têm tido um impacto significativo na modernização do equipamento militar em diversos países do Mundo, incrementando a sua prontidão e letalidade, constituindo-se assim como uma ameaça crescente para as unidades de Artilharia de Campanha. Assim sendo, a doutrina de emprego destas unidades deve acompanhar esta evolução, de forma a garantir a sua sobrevivência, eficiência e eficácia.
A doutrina nacional, relativa à disposição das Baterias de bocas de fogo no terreno, remonta ao ano de 1988, quando as ameaças consideradas tinham diferentes capacidades relativamente à atualidade.
A finalidade primária deste trabalho consiste em identificar eventuais alterações as Técnicas, Táticas e Procedimentos relativos à seleção e ocupação de posições da Artilharia de Campanha, tendo em conta o ambiente operacional contemporâneo. Para atingir este objetivo são inicialmente identificadas as Técnicas, Táticas e Procedimentos nacionais aplicáveis, seguindo-se a análise das ameaças contemporâneas e as Técnicas, Táticas e Procedimentos atualmente adotadas por outros exércitos, tendo por fim último identificar Técnicas, Táticas e Procedimentos que possam ser adotadas e que potenciam a sobrevivência das unidades de Artilharia de Campanha nacionais, quando empenhadas em operações militares.
Para realizar a presente investigação, foi adotado um raciocínio dedutivo, fundamentado pela análise documental de temas relacionados com os objetivos de investigação, complementada por inquéritos realizados a Comandantes de Unidades de Artilharia de Campanha.
The mission of the Field Artillery is based on the use of indirect fire weapon systems (howitzers), designed to carry out firing missions in support of manoeuvre units, by executing indirect fires on unannounced or planned objectives. This requires careful positioning of the firing sections (howitzer units) on the ground, considering not only the required range, but also their survival, considering the existing threat, materialized by enemy detection and counter-battery means. It is undeniable that technological developments have had a significant impact on the modernization of military equipment in various countries around the world, increasing its readiness and lethality, thus constituting a growing threat to Field Artillery units. As such, the doctrine for employing these units must keep pace with this evolution in order to guarantee their survival, efficiency and effectiveness. National doctrine on the deployment of Field Artillery batteries dates back to 1988, when the threats considered had different capabilities to today. The primary purpose of this work is to identify the Techniques, Tactics and Procedures relating to the selection and occupation of Field Artillery positions, taking into account the contemporary operational environment. In order to achieve this objective, the applicable national Techniques, Tactics and Procedures are first identified, followed by an analysis of contemporary threats and the Techniques, Tactics and Procedures currently adopted by other armies, and finally to identify Techniques, Tactics and Procedures that can be adopted and that enhance the survival of national Field Artillery units when engaged in military operations. To carry out this research, deductive reasoning was adopted, based on documentary analysis of topics related to the research objectives, complemented with surveys of Field Artillery unit commanders.
The mission of the Field Artillery is based on the use of indirect fire weapon systems (howitzers), designed to carry out firing missions in support of manoeuvre units, by executing indirect fires on unannounced or planned objectives. This requires careful positioning of the firing sections (howitzer units) on the ground, considering not only the required range, but also their survival, considering the existing threat, materialized by enemy detection and counter-battery means. It is undeniable that technological developments have had a significant impact on the modernization of military equipment in various countries around the world, increasing its readiness and lethality, thus constituting a growing threat to Field Artillery units. As such, the doctrine for employing these units must keep pace with this evolution in order to guarantee their survival, efficiency and effectiveness. National doctrine on the deployment of Field Artillery batteries dates back to 1988, when the threats considered had different capabilities to today. The primary purpose of this work is to identify the Techniques, Tactics and Procedures relating to the selection and occupation of Field Artillery positions, taking into account the contemporary operational environment. In order to achieve this objective, the applicable national Techniques, Tactics and Procedures are first identified, followed by an analysis of contemporary threats and the Techniques, Tactics and Procedures currently adopted by other armies, and finally to identify Techniques, Tactics and Procedures that can be adopted and that enhance the survival of national Field Artillery units when engaged in military operations. To carry out this research, deductive reasoning was adopted, based on documentary analysis of topics related to the research objectives, complemented with surveys of Field Artillery unit commanders.
Description
Keywords
Artilharia Ameaça Táticas Técnicas Procedimentos Artillery Threat Tactics Techniques Procedures