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Diagnóstico de Cancro da Mama, Sofrimento Psicológico, Resiliência e Qualidade de Vida. Um Estudo Transversal numa Amostra de Mulheres Portuguesas
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Abstract(s)
O diagnóstico de cancro da mama constitui um evento de elevado impacto emocional, frequentemente associado a sofrimento psicológico e comprometimento da qualidade de vida. A resiliência tem sido apontada como um fator protetor neste contexto, promovendo uma adaptação mais positiva à doença. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre resiliência, sofrimento psicológico e qualidade de vida em mulheres diagnosticadas com cancro da mama, explorando ainda o impacto de variáveis clínicas, nomeadamente o estádio da doença e o tipo de tratamento. Participaram 40 mulheres adultas (≥ 18 anos), com diagnóstico de cancro da mama ou em remissão, que responderam a um questionário online composto por escalas de resiliência (RS-SC-10), sofrimento psicológico (Emotional Thermometers) e qualidade de vida (EORTC QLQ-C30). Os dados foram analisados através de estatística descritiva, correlações de Spearman e testes de Kruskal-Wallis.
Os resultados não revelaram associações estatisticamente significativas entre as variáveis em estudo, embora tenham sido observadas direções coerentes com a literatura. A resiliência apresentou correlações positivas com a qualidade de vida e negativas com o sofrimento psicológico, ainda que sem significância estatística. As análises de Kruskal-Wallis sugeriram que o tipo de tratamento e o estado clínico podem influenciar o sofrimento emocional, apesar de os resultados não atingirem significância. Apesar das limitações metodológicas, como o tamanho reduzido da amostra e o delineamento transversal, os resultados oferecem contributos relevantes para a compreensão dos fatores psicológicos envolvidos no ajustamento à doença oncológica, reforçando a importância de promover a resiliência no acompanhamento psicológico destas mulheres.
A breast cancer diagnosis constitutes a highly impactful emotional event, often associated with psychological distress and a compromised quality of life. Resilience has been identified as a protective factor in such contexts, promoting more positive adaptation to the illness. This study aimed to examine the relationship between resilience, psychological distress, and quality of life in women diagnosed with breast cancer, while also exploring the impact of clinical variables, namely disease stage and type of treatment. Forty adult women (≥ 18 years), either diagnosed with breast cancer or in remission, participated in the study by completing an online questionnaire consisting of the Resilience Scale (RS-SC-10), the Emotional Thermometers tool, and the EORTC QLQ-C30 for quality of life. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlations, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. The results did not reveal statistically significant associations between the variables under study; however, patterns consistent with the literature were observed. Resilience showed a positive correlation with quality of life and a negative correlation with psychological distress, although neither reached statistical significance. Kruskal–Wallis tests suggested that treatment type and clinical status may influence emotional distress, despite results falling short of significance thresholds. Despite methodological limitations, such as the small sample size and the cross-sectional design, the findings provide valuable insights into the psychological factors involved in adjustment to cancer. They also reinforce the importance of promoting resilience in the psychological care of women affected by breast cancer.
A breast cancer diagnosis constitutes a highly impactful emotional event, often associated with psychological distress and a compromised quality of life. Resilience has been identified as a protective factor in such contexts, promoting more positive adaptation to the illness. This study aimed to examine the relationship between resilience, psychological distress, and quality of life in women diagnosed with breast cancer, while also exploring the impact of clinical variables, namely disease stage and type of treatment. Forty adult women (≥ 18 years), either diagnosed with breast cancer or in remission, participated in the study by completing an online questionnaire consisting of the Resilience Scale (RS-SC-10), the Emotional Thermometers tool, and the EORTC QLQ-C30 for quality of life. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlations, and Kruskal–Wallis tests. The results did not reveal statistically significant associations between the variables under study; however, patterns consistent with the literature were observed. Resilience showed a positive correlation with quality of life and a negative correlation with psychological distress, although neither reached statistical significance. Kruskal–Wallis tests suggested that treatment type and clinical status may influence emotional distress, despite results falling short of significance thresholds. Despite methodological limitations, such as the small sample size and the cross-sectional design, the findings provide valuable insights into the psychological factors involved in adjustment to cancer. They also reinforce the importance of promoting resilience in the psychological care of women affected by breast cancer.
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Keywords
Cancro da mama Sofrimento psicológico Resiliência Qualidade de vida Psicologia da saúde