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Estudo retrospectivo de Leptospirose na Região do Baixo Vouga entre 2011 e 2015
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Abstract(s)
A leptospirose, doença infecciosa, representa uma ameaça global para a Saúde Animal e Saúde Pública. Casos de leptospirose são descritos tanto em países desenvolvidos como em desenvolvimento, assim como em zonas rurais e urbanas. O polimorfismo clínico da leptospirose canina dificulta o seu diagnóstico e tratamento. Esta dificuldade limita a caracterização da doença quanto ao seu impacto, prevalência e distribuição. Desta forma, este estudo teve como objectivo caracterizar os casos de leptospirose canina, contribuindo para melhor percepção da doença em canídeos na região do Baixo Vouga, assim como identificar possíveis factores de risco associados à infecção nesta região. A realização de um estudo retrospectivo permitiu obter informação relativa aos casos de leptospirose diagnosticados em diferentes Centros de Atendimento Médico Veterinário da região do Baixo Vouga, entre 2011 e 2015. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar que o número de casos parece ser superior em meio rural que em meio urbano, assim como em animais com idade entre os 2 e 8 anos, com acesso simultâneo ao exterior e interior, coabitantes com outros animais. Constatou-se ainda uma grande inespecificidade do quadro clínico e que 50% dos casos ocorreram em animais vacinados. Estes resultados realçam a necessidade de realizar mais estudos na região uma vez que a implementação de medidas profiláticas como a vacinação parece não proteger de forma eficaz a expressão clínica. A grande diversidade de hospedeiros e o caracter zoonótico da leptospirose reforçam a necessidade de conhecer melhor a sua epidemiologia na população canina da região
Leptospirosis, an infectious disease, represents a global threat to the Animal and Public Health. Leptospirosis cases are described both in developed and developing countries, as well as in rural and urban areas. The clinical presentation of canine leptospirosis complicates the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. This difficulty leads to poor characterization of the disease regarding its impact, prevalence and distribution. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the cases of canine leptospirosis diagnosed in veterinary clinics of the Baixo Vouga region, contributing to a better perception of the disease and to identify possible risk factors associated with infection of dogs in this region. A retrospective study was conducted to obtain information on the cases of leptospirosis occurred in the Baixo Vouga region between 2011 and 2015. The results showed that the number of cases was higher in rural areas than in urban areas, as well as in animals aged between 2 and 8 years, with simultaneous access to the exterior and interior and cohabiting with other animals. Additionally, a great polymorphism of clinical presentation was found and 50% of cases occurred in vaccinated animals. These results highlight the need to perform more studies in the region since the implementation of preventive measures such as vaccination seems to be ineffective in the protection of clinical expression. The wide host range and the zoonotic pattern of leptospirosis reinforce the need of better understanding its epidemiology in canine population of the region.
Leptospirosis, an infectious disease, represents a global threat to the Animal and Public Health. Leptospirosis cases are described both in developed and developing countries, as well as in rural and urban areas. The clinical presentation of canine leptospirosis complicates the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. This difficulty leads to poor characterization of the disease regarding its impact, prevalence and distribution. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the cases of canine leptospirosis diagnosed in veterinary clinics of the Baixo Vouga region, contributing to a better perception of the disease and to identify possible risk factors associated with infection of dogs in this region. A retrospective study was conducted to obtain information on the cases of leptospirosis occurred in the Baixo Vouga region between 2011 and 2015. The results showed that the number of cases was higher in rural areas than in urban areas, as well as in animals aged between 2 and 8 years, with simultaneous access to the exterior and interior and cohabiting with other animals. Additionally, a great polymorphism of clinical presentation was found and 50% of cases occurred in vaccinated animals. These results highlight the need to perform more studies in the region since the implementation of preventive measures such as vaccination seems to be ineffective in the protection of clinical expression. The wide host range and the zoonotic pattern of leptospirosis reinforce the need of better understanding its epidemiology in canine population of the region.
Description
Keywords
Baixo Vouga Cães Leptospirose Prevalência Sinais clínicos Clinical signs Dogs Leptospirosis Prevalence