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As Biópsias Extemporâneas: uma Técnica de Diagnóstico em Expansão na Medicina Veterinária
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Resumo(s)
As biópsias extemporâneas ou biópsias por congelação, constituem uma ferramenta diagnóstica
permitindo uma avaliação rápida e em tempo real de lesões suspeitas. Embora consolidadas em
medicina humana há mais de um século, a sua adoção em medicina veterinária permanece em
expansão. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar de forma abrangente esta técnica, desde o seu
enquadramento histórico até às inovações tecnológicas recentes, destacando a aplicabilidade,
vantagens, limitações e relevância na prática clínica veterinária. Detalha o processo técnico, os
materiais necessários, os parâmetros que influenciam a sua eficácia e exemplos de utilização em
decisões terapêuticas. Discutem-se os benefícios, como a orientação das condutas cirúrgicas na sala
de cirurgia e as limitações, incluindo artefactos de congelamento e dificuldades interpretativas.
No campo das inovações, destaca-se a telepatologia, que amplia as possibilidades diagnósticas
intraoperatórias. Embora a literatura em medicina veterinária seja ainda limitada, os estudos
disponíveis demonstram elevado grau de precisão e confirmam seu potencial de integração em
centros de referência e no meio académico.
Conclui-se que as biópsias extemporâneas representam uma perspectiva promissora para a prática
veterinária moderna, tanto como ferramenta diagnóstica quanto como instrumento formativo, desde
que se estabeleça uma formação adequada, infraestruturas adaptadas e estreita colaboração entre
cirurgiões e patologistas.
Intraoperative frozen section biopsies constitute a diagnostic tool that allows for rapid, real-time evaluation of suspicious lesions. Although well established in human medicine for over a century, their adoption in veterinary medicine is expanding. This literature review provide a comprehensive analysis of this technique, from its historical background to recent technological innovations, highlighting its applicability, advantages, limitations, and relevance in veterinary clinical practice. It details the technical process, required materials, factors influencing its effectiveness, and examples of its usefulness in therapeutic decision-making. The benefits, such as the ability to guide surgical procedures in real time, as well as the limitations, including freezing artifacts and interpretive challenges, are also discussed. In terms of innovations, telepathology stands out by expanding intraoperative diagnostic possibilities. Although the veterinary literature remains limited, available studies demonstrate a high degree of accuracy and confirm its potential for integrating referral centers and academics settings. It is concluded that intraoperative frozen section biopsies represent a promising prospect for modern veterinary practice, both as a diagnostic tool and as a training instrument, provided that adequate training, adapted infrastructure, and close collaboration between surgeons and pathologists are established.
Intraoperative frozen section biopsies constitute a diagnostic tool that allows for rapid, real-time evaluation of suspicious lesions. Although well established in human medicine for over a century, their adoption in veterinary medicine is expanding. This literature review provide a comprehensive analysis of this technique, from its historical background to recent technological innovations, highlighting its applicability, advantages, limitations, and relevance in veterinary clinical practice. It details the technical process, required materials, factors influencing its effectiveness, and examples of its usefulness in therapeutic decision-making. The benefits, such as the ability to guide surgical procedures in real time, as well as the limitations, including freezing artifacts and interpretive challenges, are also discussed. In terms of innovations, telepathology stands out by expanding intraoperative diagnostic possibilities. Although the veterinary literature remains limited, available studies demonstrate a high degree of accuracy and confirm its potential for integrating referral centers and academics settings. It is concluded that intraoperative frozen section biopsies represent a promising prospect for modern veterinary practice, both as a diagnostic tool and as a training instrument, provided that adequate training, adapted infrastructure, and close collaboration between surgeons and pathologists are established.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biópsia extemporânea Biópsia por congelação Procedimento Intraoperatório Histopatologia Extemporaneous biopsy Frozen section biopsy Intraoperative procedure Histopathology