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Publication
Design passivo para a melhoria do conforto térmico em habitações existentes: Uma proposta para o contexto urbano de Lisboa
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| 32.44 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O desempenho térmico dos edifícios constitui um eixo
fundamental nas discussões atuais sobre sustentabilidade,
eficiência energética e qualidade de vida. Em Portugal, e particularmente na cidade de Lisboa, o parque habitacional revela fragilidades construtivas e uma forte dependência de sistemas de climatização ativa, acentuando os impactos económicos e sociais, com especial incidência na pobreza energética. Este estudo investiga o potencial de um artefacto
de design passivo adaptado às especificidades climáticas e
construtivas do contexto urbano lisboeta, com o objetivo de melhorar o conforto térmico e reduzir a necessidade de climatização ativa em habitações existentes. A investigação
segue uma abordagem mista, orientada pelo modelo Double Diamond (Discover, Define, Develop, Deliver), combinando
revisão bibliográfica, inquéritos a residentes, grupos focais com utilizadores, inquéritos a especialistas e, por fim,
simulações térmicas do artefacto desenvolvido. Os resultados evidenciam uma predisposição generalizada dos residentes para o uso de estratégias passivas, ainda que a sua eficácia dependa fortemente da qualidade da construção existente. A
realização de focus groups permitiu aferir a aceitação social do artefacto e recolher sugestões de melhoria, enquanto os inquéritos a especialistas identificaram oportunidades de aperfeiçoamento técnico e construtivo. As simulações térmicas confirmaram o potencial da solução para melhorar o
conforto térmico, demonstrando capacidade para manter os espaços interiores dentro ou próximos dos limites definidos pela norma EN 16798-1:2014, mesmo sob condições críticas de verão (30 ∘ C) e de inverno (10 ∘ C). Com valores de transmitância térmica entre 1,94 e 2,35W/m 2 ⋅K, o artefacto
revelou-se eficaz na retenção de calor, contribuindo para compensar as deficiências da envolvente térmica em edifícios existentes. Esta investigação contribui, a nível prático, com o
desenvolvimento de uma solução de climatização passiva aplicável ao edificado urbano existente, e, a nível teórico, com uma perspetiva integrada sobre desempenho térmico,
comportamento dos utilizadores e critérios de design ajustados ao contexto climático e habitacional de Lisboa.
Thermal performance of buildings is a key topic in current debates on sustainability, energy efficiency, and quality of life. In Portugal, particularly in the city of Lisbon, the housing stock shows construction fragilities and a strong reliance on active climate control systems, which accentuates economic and social impacts, with particular incidence on energy poverty. This study investigates the potential of a passive design artefact adapted to the climatic and constructive specificities of Lisbon’s urban context, aiming to improve thermal comfort and reduce dependence on active systems in existing dwellings. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, guided by the Double Diamond model (Discover, Define, Develop, Deliver), combining literature review, resident surveys, user focus groups, expert questionnaires, and, finally, thermal simulations of the proposed artefact. The results reveal a general predisposition among residents to adopt passive strategies, although their effectiveness is strongly conditioned by construction quality; focus groups helped to assess the social acceptance of the system and gather improvement suggestions, while expert input identified opportunities for technical and constructive refinement. Thermal simulations confirmed the system’s potential to improve comfort conditions, showing capacity to maintain indoor environments within or close to the comfort thresholds defined by EN 16798-1:2014, even under critical summer (30 °C) and winter (10 °C) scenarios. With thermal transmittance values ranging from 1.94 to 2.35 W/m²·K, the artefact proved effective in heat retention, helping to mitigate the deficiencies of the existing building envelope. This research contributes, on a practical level, by proposing a passive climate control solution applicable to the urban built environment, and on a theoretical level, by offering an integrated perspective on thermal performance, user behaviour, and design criteria tailored to Lisbon’s climatic and housing context.
Thermal performance of buildings is a key topic in current debates on sustainability, energy efficiency, and quality of life. In Portugal, particularly in the city of Lisbon, the housing stock shows construction fragilities and a strong reliance on active climate control systems, which accentuates economic and social impacts, with particular incidence on energy poverty. This study investigates the potential of a passive design artefact adapted to the climatic and constructive specificities of Lisbon’s urban context, aiming to improve thermal comfort and reduce dependence on active systems in existing dwellings. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach, guided by the Double Diamond model (Discover, Define, Develop, Deliver), combining literature review, resident surveys, user focus groups, expert questionnaires, and, finally, thermal simulations of the proposed artefact. The results reveal a general predisposition among residents to adopt passive strategies, although their effectiveness is strongly conditioned by construction quality; focus groups helped to assess the social acceptance of the system and gather improvement suggestions, while expert input identified opportunities for technical and constructive refinement. Thermal simulations confirmed the system’s potential to improve comfort conditions, showing capacity to maintain indoor environments within or close to the comfort thresholds defined by EN 16798-1:2014, even under critical summer (30 °C) and winter (10 °C) scenarios. With thermal transmittance values ranging from 1.94 to 2.35 W/m²·K, the artefact proved effective in heat retention, helping to mitigate the deficiencies of the existing building envelope. This research contributes, on a practical level, by proposing a passive climate control solution applicable to the urban built environment, and on a theoretical level, by offering an integrated perspective on thermal performance, user behaviour, and design criteria tailored to Lisbon’s climatic and housing context.
Description
Keywords
Eficiência energética Conforto térmico Design passivo Habitações Lisboa