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Os Fatores de Risco Psicossociais nos Profissionais da Área de Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho
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Abstract(s)
Os riscos psicossociais têm uma importância cada vez maior sobretudo devido às mudanças organizacionais, à digitalização do trabalho, bem como nos crescentes processos de globalização dos sistemas de trabalho. Já em 2013, o relatório da EU-OSHA demonstrou que 59% dos trabalhadores europeus consideram frequente a existência de fatores de stresse laboral no seu local de trabalho. Fatores estes que se relacionam com os domínios da interface trabalho-indivíduo, exigências laborais, conflitos laborais, entre outros. Este estudo teve como objetivo principal a caracterização dos fatores de risco psicossociais nos profissionais de Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho e Saúde Ocupacional, em Portugal.
Foi aplicado um questionário baseado na versão média portuguesa da terceira versão do COPSOQ, com vista a avaliar a perceção dos fatores psicossociais no trabalho e a sua relação com as características socio-demográficas ou ocupacionais dos inquiridos. A amostra integrou 170 profissionais, em que 35% se encontravam no grupo etário dos 36 aos 45 anos, 66% eram do sexo feminino, 60% possuíam bacharelato/licenciatura, eram maioritariamente Técnicos e Técnicos Superiores de Segurança no Trabalho, com 15 ou mais anos de serviço e sem cargos de chefia. Grande parte dos respondentes exercia funções na área metropolitana de Lisboa, em horário fixo/ diurno no regime de serviço interno.
Concluiu-se que algumas variáveis como o sexo, idade, profissão e exercer cargos de chefia, podem ter impacto nas exigências emocionais e ritmo de trabalho, sendo avaliadas como desfavoráveis para 95% dos inquiridos. Considerou-se que a existência de Conflitos trabalho-família (70%), aliados ao sentimento depreciativo de Justiça no Trabalho (60%) e à falta de Influência no trabalho (57%), contribuem para a exposição a fatores de risco psicossociais da população em estudo
Psychosocial risks have become increasingly important mainly due to the changes occurring in organisations, as well as the increasing globalisation of processes. Several studies, such as the one conducted by EU-OSHA in 2013, have shown that 59% of workers (including portuguese workers) consider the existence of work-related stress factors in their workplace to be frequent. These factors are related to the domains of the work-individual interface, work demands and even conflicts and offensive behaviours at work. A questionnaire composed mostly by the portuguese medium version of the third version of COPSOQ was applied in order to assess whether the perception of its scales is affected by socio-demographic or occupational characteristics. Based on a sample of 170 professionals, 35% with ages between 36 and 45 years, 66% of them female, 60% had a bachelor's degree, were Technicians and Senior Occupational Safety Technicians, with 15 or more years of service and did not hold management positions. Most of the respondents worked in the metropolitan area of Lisbon, on a fixed schedule/daytime basis under an internal service regime. It was concluded that some variables such as gender, age, profession and holding management positions may have an impact on the emotional demands and pace of work, being assessed as unfavourable for 95% of the respondents. The existence of work-family conflicts (70%), together with a depreciative feeling of justice at work (60%) and the lack of influence at work (57%) were considered to contribute to the exposure to psychosocial risk factors of the population under study.
Psychosocial risks have become increasingly important mainly due to the changes occurring in organisations, as well as the increasing globalisation of processes. Several studies, such as the one conducted by EU-OSHA in 2013, have shown that 59% of workers (including portuguese workers) consider the existence of work-related stress factors in their workplace to be frequent. These factors are related to the domains of the work-individual interface, work demands and even conflicts and offensive behaviours at work. A questionnaire composed mostly by the portuguese medium version of the third version of COPSOQ was applied in order to assess whether the perception of its scales is affected by socio-demographic or occupational characteristics. Based on a sample of 170 professionals, 35% with ages between 36 and 45 years, 66% of them female, 60% had a bachelor's degree, were Technicians and Senior Occupational Safety Technicians, with 15 or more years of service and did not hold management positions. Most of the respondents worked in the metropolitan area of Lisbon, on a fixed schedule/daytime basis under an internal service regime. It was concluded that some variables such as gender, age, profession and holding management positions may have an impact on the emotional demands and pace of work, being assessed as unfavourable for 95% of the respondents. The existence of work-family conflicts (70%), together with a depreciative feeling of justice at work (60%) and the lack of influence at work (57%) were considered to contribute to the exposure to psychosocial risk factors of the population under study.
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Keywords
riscos psicossociais no trabalho, COPSOQ III, saúde ocupacional, segurança e saúde no trabalho, TSST psychosocial risks at work, COPSOQ III, occupational health, health and safety at work, HSO