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Cheguei e desmoronei os seus alicerces. Estudo de casos múltiplos sobre o impacto de um filho com perturbações do desenvolvimento na família
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Resumo(s)
Nenhum pai ou mãe se encontra preparado para receber a notícia de que o seu filho, idealizado como sendo perfeito, nasça com algum tipo de deficiência. O mundo parece desabar e muitas são as perguntas que aniquilam os pensamentos dos recéns pais. Surgem as culpas e o medo. Ter um filho com perturbação do desenvolvimento abala não só os sentimentos da família como também afeta a sua vida, a estrutura familiar e o seu quotidiano, pois as famílias têm de se adaptar às necessidades e problemas da criança e conciliar a vida íntima enquanto casal, uma que vez que os elevados níveis de stress e a pouca atenção dada ao parceiro(a) podem levar à rutura do casamento bem como não solidificar os laços com os outros filhos, que se podem sentir à margem, dado a atenção poder dirigir-se toda para o irmão ou irmã, podendo desenvolver sentimentos negativos (Duarte, 2010).
Cabe ao técnico que intervencionar com a família, conseguir fortalecer os pontos fortes e as capacidades bem como melhorar os pontos fracos, aumentando as hipóteses de ter um impacto positivo na família. O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender o impacto de um filho com perturbação do desenvolvimento na dinâmica familiar. Dada a nossa experiência enquanto Assistente Social, preocupámo-nos também em recolher informação que permita justamente, ajudar a compreender o papel do Assistente Social neste fortalecimento.
A metodologia de investigação foi baseada no estudo de caso, recorrendo à entrevista semiestruturada e à análise de conteúdo. A população envolvida no estudo foram cinco famílias de pessoas com perturbação do desenvolvimento.
Neste estudo percebemos que o nascimento de um filho tem sempre impacto num sistema familiar; ao ser um filho com perturbação do desenvolvimento, o impacto é maior. As famílias do estudo transmitem-nos que têm muita dificuldade em conciliar a vida laboral com a pessoal, o que por vezes leva a que tenham de abandonar o emprego, ou reduzir a carga horária levando a um grande corte no orçamento familiar. Sendo que a relação enquanto casal também pode ser afetada, como nos dizem as famílias do estudo: ou a união cresce para superar o momento ou o casal se afasta.
No parent is prepared to receive the news that their child, idealized as perfect, is born with some kind of disability. The world seems to collapse and many questions plague the minds of new parents. Guilt and fear arise. Having a child with a developmental disorder not only shakes the family's feelings but also affects their life, family structure, and daily routine, as families have to adapt to the child's needs and problems and reconcile their intimate life as a couple, since high levels of stress and little attention given to the partner can lead to the breakdown of the marriage, as well as not solidifying the bonds with other children, who may feel marginalized, given that all attention may be directed towards their brother or sister, and may develop negative feelings (Duarte, 2010). It is up to the professional working with the family to strengthen their strengths and abilities and improve their weaknesses, increasing the chances of having a positive impact on the family. The present study aims to understand the impact of a child with a developmental disorder on family dynamics. Given our experience as social workers, we were also concerned with gathering information that would help us understand the role of social workers in this strengthening process. The research methodology was based on case studies, using semi-structured interviews and content analysis. The population involved in the study consisted of five families of people with developmental disorders. In this study, we realized that the birth of a child always has an impact on the family system; when the child has a developmental disorder, the impact is even greater. The families in the study tell us that they find it very difficult to balance work and personal life, which sometimes leads them to have to leave their jobs or reduce their working hours, resulting in a significant cut in the family budget. The relationship as a couple can also be affected, as the families in the study tell us: either the union grows stronger to overcome the moment, or the couple drifts apart.
No parent is prepared to receive the news that their child, idealized as perfect, is born with some kind of disability. The world seems to collapse and many questions plague the minds of new parents. Guilt and fear arise. Having a child with a developmental disorder not only shakes the family's feelings but also affects their life, family structure, and daily routine, as families have to adapt to the child's needs and problems and reconcile their intimate life as a couple, since high levels of stress and little attention given to the partner can lead to the breakdown of the marriage, as well as not solidifying the bonds with other children, who may feel marginalized, given that all attention may be directed towards their brother or sister, and may develop negative feelings (Duarte, 2010). It is up to the professional working with the family to strengthen their strengths and abilities and improve their weaknesses, increasing the chances of having a positive impact on the family. The present study aims to understand the impact of a child with a developmental disorder on family dynamics. Given our experience as social workers, we were also concerned with gathering information that would help us understand the role of social workers in this strengthening process. The research methodology was based on case studies, using semi-structured interviews and content analysis. The population involved in the study consisted of five families of people with developmental disorders. In this study, we realized that the birth of a child always has an impact on the family system; when the child has a developmental disorder, the impact is even greater. The families in the study tell us that they find it very difficult to balance work and personal life, which sometimes leads them to have to leave their jobs or reduce their working hours, resulting in a significant cut in the family budget. The relationship as a couple can also be affected, as the families in the study tell us: either the union grows stronger to overcome the moment, or the couple drifts apart.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Perturbação do desenvolvimento de um filho Dinâmica familiar Assistente Social Family Child development disorder Family dynamics Social worker