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Abstract(s)
Os conflitos armados e as crises humanitárias têm proliferado, um pouco por todo o globo, ao longo das últimas décadas. Na defesa de valores como a soberania, a paz ou a dignidade humana, Portugal participa em missões internacionais no âmbito de diferentes organizações internacionais e da cooperação bilateral entre países.
As diferenças culturais podem tornar-se obstáculos no decorrer de uma missão provocando entre a população e os parceiros na missão, um maior número de atritos e uma menor cooperação, comprometendo os objetivos da missão.
Esta investigação tem como objetivo analisar os impactos resultantes das diferenças culturais nas operações internacionais, focando-se na relação entre os elementos em missão e as populações locais.
Neste sentido, procedeu-se à caracterização dos países considerados através do modelo cultural de Hofstede. Aplicou-se a metodologia de análise comparativa entre a cultura portuguesa e a cultura dos países onde a Marinha Portuguesa está presente. Através de dados secundários e de entrevistas foi avaliado o distanciamento cultural entre intervenientes e identificadas as dificuldades daí resultantes.
Os dados obtidos permitem-nos concluir que quanto maior o distanciamento cultural entre os países, maiores serão os desafios na compreensão e confiança, cooperação, eficácia humanitária e respeito cultural. Por forma a minimizar os impactos resultantes das diferenças culturais foram propostas ações de mitigação, através da formação, na criação de um manual de boas práticas, na escolha dos participantes para as missões e na sensibilização da população local sobre a cultura de origem da força.
Armed conflicts and humanitarian crises have proliferated all over the world in recent decades. In defence of values such as sovereignty, peace and human dignity, Portugal participates in international missions within the scope of different international organisations and bilateral cooperation between countries. Cultural differences may become obstacles in the course of a mission, causing between the population and the partners in the mission, a greater number of frictions and less cooperation, compromising the objectives of the mission. This research aims to analyse the impacts resulting from cultural differences in international operations, focusing on the relationship between the elements in mission and the local populations. In this sense, we proceeded to characterise the countries considered through the Hofstede cultural model. The methodology of comparative analysis between the Portuguese culture and the culture of the countries where the Portuguese Navy is present was applied. Through secondary data and interviews, the cultural distance between stakeholders was evaluated and the resulting difficulties were identified. The data obtained allows us to conclude that the greater the cultural distance between countries, the greater the challenges in understanding and trust, cooperation, humanitarian effectiveness and cultural respect. In order to minimise the impacts resulting from cultural differences, mitigation actions were proposed, through training, the creation of a manual of good practices, the choice of participants for missions and raising the awareness of the local population about the force's culture of origin.
Armed conflicts and humanitarian crises have proliferated all over the world in recent decades. In defence of values such as sovereignty, peace and human dignity, Portugal participates in international missions within the scope of different international organisations and bilateral cooperation between countries. Cultural differences may become obstacles in the course of a mission, causing between the population and the partners in the mission, a greater number of frictions and less cooperation, compromising the objectives of the mission. This research aims to analyse the impacts resulting from cultural differences in international operations, focusing on the relationship between the elements in mission and the local populations. In this sense, we proceeded to characterise the countries considered through the Hofstede cultural model. The methodology of comparative analysis between the Portuguese culture and the culture of the countries where the Portuguese Navy is present was applied. Through secondary data and interviews, the cultural distance between stakeholders was evaluated and the resulting difficulties were identified. The data obtained allows us to conclude that the greater the cultural distance between countries, the greater the challenges in understanding and trust, cooperation, humanitarian effectiveness and cultural respect. In order to minimise the impacts resulting from cultural differences, mitigation actions were proposed, through training, the creation of a manual of good practices, the choice of participants for missions and raising the awareness of the local population about the force's culture of origin.
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Keywords
Culturas Diferenças culturais Marinha Portuguesa Missões internacionais Modelo cultural de Hofstede