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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Foram estudadas 47 plantas que correspondem a 30 genótipos da variedade ‘Galega
vulgar’ recolhidos em todo o território nacional e instalados numa parcela da Herdade
do Reguengo pertencente ao INIAV, I.P., polo de Elvas. Os trabalhos decorreram entre
março e junho de 2023, tendo sido feitas observações semanais ou bissemanais,
consoante o estado fenológico. A escala usada para caracterizar a fenologia foi a escala
BBCH adaptada à cultura da oliveira. O abrolhamento ocorreu como estado dominante,
no conjunto dos materiais em estudo, a 22 de março, tendo alguns genótipos abrolhado
entre 8 e 15 de março. A floração ocorreu mais cedo do que o normal para esta
variedade na região de Elvas, certamente devido à Primavera mais quente que o normal,
que acelerou a ocorrência dos estados fenológicos. Para a totalidade dos genótipos
iniciou-se entre 25 e 28 de abril e terminou entre 9 e 15 de maio, durando entre 12 e
21 dias, consoante o genótipo. No entanto, para o conjunto dos genótipos, observou-
se que a duração do período de floração (média de 16 dias) e a duração do período de
plena floração (média de 6 dias) se manteve igual ao observado por outros autores para
esta variedade nesta localização. A avaliação da carga floral indicou que a maioria das
plantas e genótipos em estudo teve uma elevada intensidade de floração (acima de 60%
da copa com inflorescências e muitas plantas acima de 80%), certamente justificada por
as oliveiras estarem num ano de safra. Observaram-se importantes diferenças entre
genótipos no que respeita à proporção de flores perfeitas nas inflorescências (entre 0 e
38%) e no que toca ao vingamento inicial, estas grandes diferenças entre os genótipos e
entre plantas do mesmo genótipo indicam que, apesar de estarmos em presença da
mesma variedade, há variabilidade suficiente que pode ser aproveitada em programas de
melhoramento orientados para selecionar genótipos superiores em produtividade e em
capacidade de adaptação às alterações climáticas. Estes resultados e tendências terão de
ser confirmados em próximas campanhas.
A total of 47 plants from a total of 30 genotypes of the 'Galega vulgar' variety collected throughout the national territory and installed in a plot of Herdade do Reguengo belonging to INIAV, I.P., in Elvas, were studied. The work took place between March and June 2023, weekly or biweekly observations were made, depending on the phenological stage. The scale used to characterize the phenology was the BBCH scale adapted to the olive tree culture. Budbreak occurred as the dominant state, in the set of materials under study, on March 22nd, with some genotypes sprouting between March 8th and 15th. Flowering occurred earlier than normal for this variety in the Elvas region, certainly due to the warmer spring than normal, which accelerated the occurrence of phenological stages. For all genotypes, it started between April 25th and 28th and ended between May 9th and 15th, lasting between 12 and 21 days, depending on the genotype. However, for the set of genotypes, it was observed that the duration of the flowering period (average of 16 days) and the duration of the period of full bloom (average of 6 days) remained the same as observed by other authors for this variety. in this location. The evaluation of the floral load indicated that most of the plants and genotypes under study had a high intensity of flowering (above 60% of the canopy with inflorescences and many plants above 80%), certainly justified by the fact that the olive trees were in a “safra” year. Important differences were observed between genotypes with regard to the proportion of perfect flowers in the inflorescences (between 0 and 38%) and with regard to initial fruit set, these large differences between genotypes and between plants of the same genotype indicate that, despite being in the presence of the same variety, there is enough variability that can be used in breeding programs aimed at selecting genotypes superior in productivity and in adaptability to climate change. These results and trends will have to be confirmed in future campaigns.
A total of 47 plants from a total of 30 genotypes of the 'Galega vulgar' variety collected throughout the national territory and installed in a plot of Herdade do Reguengo belonging to INIAV, I.P., in Elvas, were studied. The work took place between March and June 2023, weekly or biweekly observations were made, depending on the phenological stage. The scale used to characterize the phenology was the BBCH scale adapted to the olive tree culture. Budbreak occurred as the dominant state, in the set of materials under study, on March 22nd, with some genotypes sprouting between March 8th and 15th. Flowering occurred earlier than normal for this variety in the Elvas region, certainly due to the warmer spring than normal, which accelerated the occurrence of phenological stages. For all genotypes, it started between April 25th and 28th and ended between May 9th and 15th, lasting between 12 and 21 days, depending on the genotype. However, for the set of genotypes, it was observed that the duration of the flowering period (average of 16 days) and the duration of the period of full bloom (average of 6 days) remained the same as observed by other authors for this variety. in this location. The evaluation of the floral load indicated that most of the plants and genotypes under study had a high intensity of flowering (above 60% of the canopy with inflorescences and many plants above 80%), certainly justified by the fact that the olive trees were in a “safra” year. Important differences were observed between genotypes with regard to the proportion of perfect flowers in the inflorescences (between 0 and 38%) and with regard to initial fruit set, these large differences between genotypes and between plants of the same genotype indicate that, despite being in the presence of the same variety, there is enough variability that can be used in breeding programs aimed at selecting genotypes superior in productivity and in adaptability to climate change. These results and trends will have to be confirmed in future campaigns.
Description
Keywords
Alentejo Olivicultura Olea europaea variedades de oliveira
Citation
Gonçalves, A.S.S.(2023). Avaliação de genótipos da variedade de oliveira ́Galega vulgar ́ no INIAV, I.P., polo de Elvas. Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas
Publisher
Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas