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Prevalência de Cryptosporidium spp. e Giardia spp. em animais de clínica, abrigo e errantes na região de Setúbal
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Abstract(s)
A criptosporidiose e a giardiose são doenças do carácter zoonótico, provocadas
pelos protozoários Cryptosporidium spp. e Giardia spp., respetivamente, podendo estas
causarem infeções assintomáticas ou autolimitantes numa grande variedade de
hospedeiros, especialmente em animais errantes ou de canil. A via de transmissão destes
agentes é maioritariamente feco-oral, podendo ocorrer através do contacto direto com
as fezes contaminadas ou de modo indireto, existindo contacto com objetos ou
superfícies contaminadas. Neste estudo foram coletadas e analisadas 80 amostras fecais
provenientes de várias origens, nomeadamente, animais de proprietários, errantes e de
abrigo do distrito de Setúbal.
O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a ocorrência destes parasitas nestas
populações distintas e estudar as suas associações com determinados fatores como a
origem do animal, a espécie, a raça, a idade, o sexo e a consistência fecal e também
comparar a eficácia dos vários métodos de diagnóstico utilizados. As amostras foram
analisadas através das técnicas de esfregaço fecal com coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen e
imunofluorescência direta, para pesquisa de oocistos de Cryptosporidium e quistos de
Giardia, sendo estas avaliadas no Laboratório de Parasitologia da Faculdade de Medicina
Veterinária da Universidade de Lisboa. As prevalências globais de Cryptosporidium spp. foi
de 1,25% na técnica de esfregaço fecal corado e de 0% através de imunofluorescência
direta e de Giardia spp. cerca de 20% em Imunofluorescência direta.
Verificou-se uma maior prevalência de Giardia spp. em felinos errantes e animais
de abrigo cuja consistência fecal era pastosa e diarreica. Relativamente ao sexo do
animal, foi mais frequente em fêmeas, com idade igual ou inferior a 1 ano e de raça
indefinida. A origem destes animais foi considerada como um fator de risco para a infeção
de Giardia spp., existindo, consequentemente, um maior risco de transmissão zoonótica
com a equipa que manipula os animais ou até mesmo com futuros adotantes.
Cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are zoonotic diseases caused by the protozoan Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. respectively, which can cause asymptomatic or self- limiting infections in a wide variety of hosts, especially stray animals or in kennel. The route of transmission of these agents is mostly fecal-oral, and may occur through direct contact with contaminated feces or indirectly, with contact with contaminated objects or surfaces. In this study, 80 fecal samples from various origins were collected and analysed, namely animals from owners, wanderers and shelters from the district of Setúbal. Its goal was to compare the prevalence of these parasites in these distinct populations and to study their associations with certain factors such as the origin of the animal, species, breed, age, sex and fecal consistency and also to compare the effectiveness of the various diagnostic methods used. The samples were analysed using fecal smear techniques with Ziehl-Neelsen staining and direct immunofluorescence for the investigation of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and Giardia spp. cysts, which were evaluated at the Parasitology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Lisbon. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was 1.25% in the stained fecal smear technique and 0% in direct immunofluorescence and Giardia spp. about 20% in direct immunofluorescence. There was a higher prevalence of Giardia spp. in stray cats and shelter animals whose fecal consistency was pasty and diarrheal. Regarding the sex of the animal, it was more frequent in females, aged 1 year or less and of undefined breed. The origin of these animals was considered as a risk factor for the infection of Giardia spp., and there is, consequently, a greater risk of zoonotic transmission with the team that handles the animals or even with future adopters.
Cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are zoonotic diseases caused by the protozoan Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. respectively, which can cause asymptomatic or self- limiting infections in a wide variety of hosts, especially stray animals or in kennel. The route of transmission of these agents is mostly fecal-oral, and may occur through direct contact with contaminated feces or indirectly, with contact with contaminated objects or surfaces. In this study, 80 fecal samples from various origins were collected and analysed, namely animals from owners, wanderers and shelters from the district of Setúbal. Its goal was to compare the prevalence of these parasites in these distinct populations and to study their associations with certain factors such as the origin of the animal, species, breed, age, sex and fecal consistency and also to compare the effectiveness of the various diagnostic methods used. The samples were analysed using fecal smear techniques with Ziehl-Neelsen staining and direct immunofluorescence for the investigation of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts and Giardia spp. cysts, which were evaluated at the Parasitology Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Lisbon. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was 1.25% in the stained fecal smear technique and 0% in direct immunofluorescence and Giardia spp. about 20% in direct immunofluorescence. There was a higher prevalence of Giardia spp. in stray cats and shelter animals whose fecal consistency was pasty and diarrheal. Regarding the sex of the animal, it was more frequent in females, aged 1 year or less and of undefined breed. The origin of these animals was considered as a risk factor for the infection of Giardia spp., and there is, consequently, a greater risk of zoonotic transmission with the team that handles the animals or even with future adopters.
Description
Keywords
Giardia Cryptosporidium Ziehl-Neelsen Imunofluorescência direta prevalência direct immunofluorescence prevalence
Citation
Lages, D.L.(2023).Prevalência de Cryptosporidium spp. e Giardia spp. em animais de clínica, abrigo e errantes na região de Setúbal. Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas.
Publisher
Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas