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Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de produção de trigo mole
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| Documento Principal | 2.81 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A irregularidade das condições ambientais que caracteriza o clima mediterrânico de Portugal condiciona a cultura do trigo mole (Triticum aestivum L.). Neste contexto, a resposta dos genótipos ao ambiente a que estão sujeitos e a respetiva interação genótipo x ambiente (G x E) constituem desafios relevantes nos programas de melhoramento genético, tanto na fase de seleção de material segregante como na de obtenção de novas variedades.
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de produção de 15 genótipos de trigo mole, em dois ambientes distintos, Elvas e Mirandela, com base na análise de dados obtidos em ensaios de campo que decorreram entre 2000/01 e 2008/09.
A análise aos parâmetros fenológicos revelou uma maior duração do ciclo até ao espigamento e menor duração do período de enchimento do grão em Mirandela, comparativamente a Elvas.
A produção de grão média foi significativamente maior em Mirandela do que Elvas. Para os parâmetros massa do hectolitro e peso de mil grãos observou-se a mesma tendência mas com diferenças pouco acentuadas entre os dois locais.
Para avaliar a interação genótipo x ambiente e consequentemente a adaptabilidade e a estabilidade dos genótipos aplicou-se o método proposto por Finlay e Wilkinson (1963). A análise foi realizada com base nos coeficientes de regressão de cada genótipo em relação ao índice ambiental, para cada ano e em cada local, no período de 7 anos. Esta análise permitiu identificar os genótipos com melhor adaptabilidade geral e estabilidade de produção, destacando-se os genótipos EA15, EA1, EA3, EA2 e as variedades Eufrates e Jordão com produções médias acima do índice ambiental médio.
The irregularity of the climatic conditions which characterize the Mediterranean climate of Portugal affects cereal crop production, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In this context, the genotypes response to the environment where they are cultivated and the interaction genotype x environment (G x E) comprise important challenges in plant breeding programs, during the selection process of segregating lines and to achieve new varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the adaptability and grain yield stability of 15 wheat genotypes in two different environments in Portugal, Elvas and Mirandela. Data from field trials implemented in those two sites between 2000/01 and 2008/09 were compiled and analyzed. The phenological data analysis showed that in Mirandela heading occurred later than in Elvas and, on the other hand duration of grain filling in Mirandela was shorter compared to Elvas. The average grain yield was significantly higher in Mirandela. Test weight and thousand kernel weight showed the same trend that yield but with little sharp differences between the two sites. To assess the genotype x environment interaction and hence the genotypes grain yield stability and adaptability, the method proposed by Finlay and Wilkinson (1963) was applied. The analysis was centred on coefficients regression of each genotype in relation to the environmental index for each environment (each year and each site during the period of 7 years). This analysis permitted to identify the genotypes with better adaptability and yield stability, namely EA15, EA1, EA3, EA2 and the varieties Eufrates and Jordão with average yields above average environmental index.
The irregularity of the climatic conditions which characterize the Mediterranean climate of Portugal affects cereal crop production, including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In this context, the genotypes response to the environment where they are cultivated and the interaction genotype x environment (G x E) comprise important challenges in plant breeding programs, during the selection process of segregating lines and to achieve new varieties. This study aimed to evaluate the adaptability and grain yield stability of 15 wheat genotypes in two different environments in Portugal, Elvas and Mirandela. Data from field trials implemented in those two sites between 2000/01 and 2008/09 were compiled and analyzed. The phenological data analysis showed that in Mirandela heading occurred later than in Elvas and, on the other hand duration of grain filling in Mirandela was shorter compared to Elvas. The average grain yield was significantly higher in Mirandela. Test weight and thousand kernel weight showed the same trend that yield but with little sharp differences between the two sites. To assess the genotype x environment interaction and hence the genotypes grain yield stability and adaptability, the method proposed by Finlay and Wilkinson (1963) was applied. The analysis was centred on coefficients regression of each genotype in relation to the environmental index for each environment (each year and each site during the period of 7 years). This analysis permitted to identify the genotypes with better adaptability and yield stability, namely EA15, EA1, EA3, EA2 and the varieties Eufrates and Jordão with average yields above average environmental index.
Description
Keywords
Triticum aestivum L Interação genótipo x ambiente Ensaios multilocais Adaptabilidade Melhoramento genético Estabilidade de produção