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Fatores associados à suplementação com leite artificial durante o internamento pós-parto - Relatório de desenvolvimento de competências clínicas especializadas na área da Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica
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O presente Relatório de Estágio de Natureza Profissional tem como objetivo analisar
criticamente o processo de aquisição e consolidação das competências técnicas, científicas,
relacionais e éticas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica,
desenvolvidas ao longo dos ensinos clínicos. A análise retrospetiva do percurso formativo
articula normativos profissionais, referenciais teóricos e prática baseada na evidência.
A prática clínica decorreu nos diferentes contextos do ciclo gravídico-puerperal, permitindo
contacto direto e continuado com mulheres, casais e famílias em situações de gravidez de baixo
e alto risco, trabalho de parto, parto, puerpério e cuidados ao recém-nascido. São apresentados
cinco casos clínicos representativos destas áreas, que evidenciam a conceção de cuidados
especializados e a progressiva integração do raciocínio clínico, da tomada de decisão
fundamentada e da capacidade de adaptação às necessidades específicas das mulheres e
famílias.
O relatório inclui ainda uma revisão integrativa da literatura subordinada ao tema “Fatores
associados à suplementação com leite artificial durante o internamento pós-parto”, motivada
pela constatação da crescente utilização de leite artificial ainda durante o internamento no
puerpério. Esta revisão permitiu reunir e sistematizar evidência científica sobre fatores que
influenciam a substituição da amamentação, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de uma
prática profissional crítica, reflexiva e sustentada na melhor evidência disponível.
Este percurso formativo revelou-se determinante para a construção da identidade profissional
como Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica, integrando
teoria, prática e investigação, e afirmando o compromisso com cuidados especializados,
humanizados e culturalmente sensíveis, centrados na mulher, no recém-nascido e na família.
This Professional Internship Report seeks to provide a critical analysis of the process of acquiring and consolidating the technical, scientific, relational, and ethical competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing, developed throughout clinical training. The retrospective analysis of the educational trajectory integrates professional regulations, theoretical frameworks, and evidence-based practice. Clinical practice was undertaken in diverse settings within the pregnancy–puerperal cycle, providing direct and continuous engagement with women, couples, and families experiencing low- and high-risk pregnancy, labor, childbirth, the puerperium, and newborn care. Five clinical cases representative of these areas are presented, illustrating the design of specialized care and the progressive integration of clinical reasoning, evidence-based decision-making, and the ability to adapt to the specific needs of women and families. The report further includes an integrative literature review on the theme “Factors associated with formula feeding during postpartum hospitalization”, prompted by the growing prevalence of artificial milk use during the puerperal hospital stay. This review enabled the collection and systematization of scientific evidence on the factors influencing the replacement of breastfeeding, thereby contributing to the development of a critical, reflective professional practice grounded in the best available evidence. This training pathway proved to be decisive in shaping professional identity as a Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing, by integrating theory, practice, and research, and affirming a commitment to specialized, humanized, and culturally sensitive care, centered on women, newborns, and families.
This Professional Internship Report seeks to provide a critical analysis of the process of acquiring and consolidating the technical, scientific, relational, and ethical competencies of the Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing, developed throughout clinical training. The retrospective analysis of the educational trajectory integrates professional regulations, theoretical frameworks, and evidence-based practice. Clinical practice was undertaken in diverse settings within the pregnancy–puerperal cycle, providing direct and continuous engagement with women, couples, and families experiencing low- and high-risk pregnancy, labor, childbirth, the puerperium, and newborn care. Five clinical cases representative of these areas are presented, illustrating the design of specialized care and the progressive integration of clinical reasoning, evidence-based decision-making, and the ability to adapt to the specific needs of women and families. The report further includes an integrative literature review on the theme “Factors associated with formula feeding during postpartum hospitalization”, prompted by the growing prevalence of artificial milk use during the puerperal hospital stay. This review enabled the collection and systematization of scientific evidence on the factors influencing the replacement of breastfeeding, thereby contributing to the development of a critical, reflective professional practice grounded in the best available evidence. This training pathway proved to be decisive in shaping professional identity as a Specialist Nurse in Maternal and Obstetric Health Nursing, by integrating theory, practice, and research, and affirming a commitment to specialized, humanized, and culturally sensitive care, centered on women, newborns, and families.
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Amamentação Leite artificial Internamento pós-parto