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Publication
The evolution of the radiographic score of the navicular bone in Koninklijk Warmbloed Paard Nederland (Royal Dutch Sport Horse) between 1981 and 2022
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Authors
Abstract(s)
A associação da raça Koninklijk Warmbloed Paard Nerderland (cavalos da raça Warmblood
holandês) possui um processo de selecção rigoroso. Este inclui o Project Röntgenologisch Onderzoek
KWPN (PROK), baseado num conjunto de radiografias normalizadas para avaliar algumas doenças
ortopédicas, como a síndrome navicular, que constitui o objetivo deste estudo. Esta afeção controvérsia
define-se como um processo crónico, degenerativo e multifactorial, que afeta o osso navicular (ON) e
as estruturas que lhe são intimamente relacionadas. O seu tratamento é complexo e o prognóstico é
difícil e pobre, sobretudo em termos de desempenho. Por estas razões, o Livro Genealógico ou Stud
book da KWPN resolveu melhorar o score do ON, com a exclusão do programa de reprodução dos
cavalos com grau quatro em 1987 e posteriormente com grau três. Ao longo dos anos era presumida a
existência de uma melhoria do score do ON, no entanto nunca tinha sido avaliada. Assim, o objetivo
deste estudo foi a análise da evolução da pontuação deste score ao longo dos anos. O Stud book
permitiu o acesso a dados como o sexo, ano de nascimento e de avaliação à aprovação como animal
reprodutor, e da pontuação ou score do ON de cada membro anterior dos cavalos. A análise estatística
mostrou que a população estava distribuída de forma desigual em função do sexo, do ano de
nascimento e do ano de exame. Para além disso, verificou-se uma disparidade inesperada da idade no
momento do exame. A variação do score foi significativamente associada ao ano de nascimento e de
avaliação, mas não ao sexo. O estudo de outros fatores de variação não foi possível devido à falta de
informação. Por fim, o estudo revelou uma melhoria do score do ON de 17% por ano entre 1981 e 2022.
A fiabilidade da radiografia com os sinais clínicos também foi questionada.
The Koninklijk Warmbloed Paard Nederland association (Dutch warmblood studbook) has a strict selection process. It includes the Project Röntgenologisch Onderzoek KWPN (PROK), a set of standardized radiographs to assess some orthopaedic diseases such as the object of this study, the navicular syndrome. This controversial affection is defined as a chronic degenerative multifactorial process affecting the navicular bone (NB) and its closely related structures. Its treatment is complex and the prognosis is bad to poor, especially performance speaking. For those reasons, the KWPN studbook decided to improve the navicular bone score, preventing from breeding horses with radiographic grades of four in 1987 and three later on. The existence of an improvement of the navicular score was supposed but never assessed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the evolution of this score over the years. The access to the sex, approval as reproduction stallion, year of birth, year of examination and score of each navicular bone of each horse was permitted by the studbook. The statistical analysis revealed that the population was unevenly distributed according to the sex, year of birth and year of examination. Moreover, there was an unexpected disparity of age at examination. The variation of the score was significatively associated to the year of examination and birth, but not to the sex. The study of other variation factors was not possible due to lack of information. Finally, this study showed an improvement of the NB score of 17% per year between 1981 and 2022. The reliability of radiography with clinical signs was also questioned.
The Koninklijk Warmbloed Paard Nederland association (Dutch warmblood studbook) has a strict selection process. It includes the Project Röntgenologisch Onderzoek KWPN (PROK), a set of standardized radiographs to assess some orthopaedic diseases such as the object of this study, the navicular syndrome. This controversial affection is defined as a chronic degenerative multifactorial process affecting the navicular bone (NB) and its closely related structures. Its treatment is complex and the prognosis is bad to poor, especially performance speaking. For those reasons, the KWPN studbook decided to improve the navicular bone score, preventing from breeding horses with radiographic grades of four in 1987 and three later on. The existence of an improvement of the navicular score was supposed but never assessed. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the evolution of this score over the years. The access to the sex, approval as reproduction stallion, year of birth, year of examination and score of each navicular bone of each horse was permitted by the studbook. The statistical analysis revealed that the population was unevenly distributed according to the sex, year of birth and year of examination. Moreover, there was an unexpected disparity of age at examination. The variation of the score was significatively associated to the year of examination and birth, but not to the sex. The study of other variation factors was not possible due to lack of information. Finally, this study showed an improvement of the NB score of 17% per year between 1981 and 2022. The reliability of radiography with clinical signs was also questioned.
Description
Keywords
Cavalo Imagiologia Seleção Síndrome do osso navicular Warmblood holandês Diagnostic imaging Dutch warmblood Horse Navicular bone syndrome Selection