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Caracterização da Liderança e Coesão nas Subunidades de Artilharia
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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho estudou a relação entre os comportamentos de liderança – ação de comando dos comandantes das subunidades de Artilharia de escalão Bateria e os aspetos da coesão.
Para o estudo foi aplicado o Questionário de Competências de Liderança com seisdimensões da liderança: orientação para a missão pelo exemplo; tomada de decisão e planeamento; visão e ambiente externo e interno; coesão, trabalho de equipa e cooperação; gestão de conflitos pela transparência e liderança participativa e envolvimento, e o Questionário do Ambiente no Grupo, nos seus quatro aspetos: integração no grupo em relação à tarefa, integração no grupo em relação aos aspetos sociais, atração individual para o grupo em relação à tarefa e atração individual para o grupo em relação aos aspetos sociais.
Com base nos dados das respostas dadas por 37 oficiais, 89 sargentos e 267 praças, foram efetuadas correlações de Pearson entre as seis dimensões da liderança e os quatro aspetos de coesão para determinar o grau de correlação entre as variáveis.
Os comandantes consideram que têm comportamentos com valores médios mais elevados em todas as variáveis em estudo. De uma forma geral os subordinados valorizam nos seus comandantes a capacidade para executar o trabalho com eficácia, transmitir a vontade para cumprir a missão e a frontalidade.
Os subordinados das subunidades de Artilharia Antiaérea sentem maiores níveis de coesão e percecionam de forma significativamente diferente o aspeto da coesão integração no grupo em relação aos aspetos sociais em relação aos subordinados das subunidades de Artilharia de Campanha. Os comportamentos dos comandantes das subunidades de Artilharia de Campanha nas várias dimensões da liderança contribuem com valores mais elevados no aspeto integração no grupo em relação à tarefa. O aspeto integração no grupo em relação à tarefa é o que mais contribui para a eficácia e satisfação.
De uma forma geral a ação dos comandantes, nomeadamente as dimensões de liderança em estudo, quer nas subunidades de Artilharia de Campanha, quer nas subunidades de Artilharia Antiaérea não promovem a coesão e têm um efeito contrário, com exceção para a integração no grupo em relação à tarefa onde todas as dimensões têm uma forte correlação positiva.
Dos resultados conclui-se que os subordinados não se sentem atraídos individualmente para o grupo em relação à tarefa e aos aspetos sociais e não se sentem integrados do ponto de vista social. Por outro lado sentem-se integrados no grupo em relação ao cumprimento da missão.
Abstract The present study evaluated the relationship of leadership behaviors - command action of the commanders of subunits at Artillery Battery level and the aspects of cohesion. For this aim we used the Leadership Skills Questionnaire with six leadership dimensions: guidance for the mission by example; decision making and planning; insight and external and internal environment; cohesion; teamwork and cooperation; conflict management by the transparency; and participative leadership and involvement, and the Group Environment Questionnaire in its four aspects: integration into the group about the task, integration into the group in relation to social aspects, individual attraction to the group about the task and individual attraction to the group in relation to social aspects. Based on data from the answers given by 37 officers, 89 sergeants and 267 soldiers, we verified Pearson correlations between the six dimensions of leadership and the four aspects of cohesion to determine the degree of correlation between variables. Commanders considered that they have behaviors with higher mean values for all variables under study. In general, the subordinates value in their commanders the ability to perform the work effectively, convey the will to accomplish the mission and frontality. The subordinates in the Air Defense Artillery subunits perceive higher levels of cohesion and recognize significantly different aspect of the integration into the group in relation to social aspects cohesion in relation to subordinates of the Field Artillery subunits. The behavior of the commanders in Field Artillery subunits in the several of leadership contributes to higher values in the aspect integration into the group about the task. The aspect integration into the group about the task is the largest contributor to the effectiveness and satisfaction. In general, the action of the commanders regarding the leadership dimensions focused on this study, on either Field Artillery subunits or Air Defense Artillery subunits do not promote cohesion and have an opposite effect, except for integration into the group in relation to the task where all dimensions have a strong positive correlation. With our study we concluded that the subordinates are not attracted individually to the group in relation to the task and social aspects and do not feel integrated into the social point of view. On the other hand, they feel integrated in the group in relation to mission accomplishment.
Abstract The present study evaluated the relationship of leadership behaviors - command action of the commanders of subunits at Artillery Battery level and the aspects of cohesion. For this aim we used the Leadership Skills Questionnaire with six leadership dimensions: guidance for the mission by example; decision making and planning; insight and external and internal environment; cohesion; teamwork and cooperation; conflict management by the transparency; and participative leadership and involvement, and the Group Environment Questionnaire in its four aspects: integration into the group about the task, integration into the group in relation to social aspects, individual attraction to the group about the task and individual attraction to the group in relation to social aspects. Based on data from the answers given by 37 officers, 89 sergeants and 267 soldiers, we verified Pearson correlations between the six dimensions of leadership and the four aspects of cohesion to determine the degree of correlation between variables. Commanders considered that they have behaviors with higher mean values for all variables under study. In general, the subordinates value in their commanders the ability to perform the work effectively, convey the will to accomplish the mission and frontality. The subordinates in the Air Defense Artillery subunits perceive higher levels of cohesion and recognize significantly different aspect of the integration into the group in relation to social aspects cohesion in relation to subordinates of the Field Artillery subunits. The behavior of the commanders in Field Artillery subunits in the several of leadership contributes to higher values in the aspect integration into the group about the task. The aspect integration into the group about the task is the largest contributor to the effectiveness and satisfaction. In general, the action of the commanders regarding the leadership dimensions focused on this study, on either Field Artillery subunits or Air Defense Artillery subunits do not promote cohesion and have an opposite effect, except for integration into the group in relation to the task where all dimensions have a strong positive correlation. With our study we concluded that the subordinates are not attracted individually to the group in relation to the task and social aspects and do not feel integrated into the social point of view. On the other hand, they feel integrated in the group in relation to mission accomplishment.
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Keywords
Liderança Transformacional Liderança Transacional Coesão Artilharia
Citation
Publisher
Academia Militar. Direção de Ensino