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Desafios à formação contínua em enfermagem: Contributos da supervisão clínica
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A formação contínua em enfermagem constitui um elemento essencial para o
desenvolvimento profissional, a qualidade e a segurança dos cuidados de
saúde. Entre as diferentes modalidades formativas, a formação em serviço
assume particular relevância por decorrer no contexto real da prática clínica e
responder às necessidades concretas dos profissionais. Neste âmbito, a
supervisão clínica em enfermagem surge como um recurso pedagógico e
organizacional fundamental para qualificar os processos formativos.
O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral conhecer a perceção dos
enfermeiros responsáveis pela formação em serviço acerca dos desafios atuais
da formação contínua, evidenciando os contributos da supervisão clínica em
enfermagem para a sua melhoria. Pretendeu-se ainda analisar o impacto da
formação em serviço no desenvolvimento profissional, identificar fatores
facilitadores e dificultadores na elaboração do plano anual de formação,
conhecer as principais barreiras à formação em serviço e compreender os
contributos da supervisão clínica para a melhoria deste processo.
Optou-se por um estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo, realizado com 7
enfermeiros com responsabilidades na formação em serviço em contexto
hospitalar. A amostragem foi efetuada através do método de bola de neve e a
recolha de dados realizou-se por meio de um grupo focal. Os dados obtidos
foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo, de acordo com a metodologia
proposta por Bardin, respeitando os princípios éticos da investigação em
saúde.
Os resultados evidenciam que os enfermeiros percecionam a formação em
serviço como determinante para a atualização científica, o desenvolvimento de
competências e a melhoria da qualidade dos cuidados, embora reconheçam a
existência de desafios relacionados com a escassez de tempo, a sobrecarga
assistencial, a limitação de recursos e a insuficiente valorização institucional. A
supervisão clínica em enfermagem é reconhecida como elemento central para
a melhoria da formação em serviço, promovendo a reflexão sobre a prática, o
desenvolvimento profissional e a implementação de estratégias formativas mais
participativas e contextualizadas.
Conclui-se que a supervisão clínica em enfermagem constitui um alicerce
essencial para enfrentar os desafios atuais da formação contínua, contribuindo
para processos formativos mais estruturados, reflexivos e orientados para a
qualidade e segurança dos cuidados.
Continuing education in nursing is an essential element for professional development and for ensuring the quality and safety of health care. Among the different training modalities, in-service training plays a particularly important role, as it takes place in real clinical practice settings and responds directly to the concrete needs of professionals. In this context, clinical supervision in nursing emerges as a fundamental pedagogical and organisational resource for enhancing training processes. The present study aimed to understand the perceptions of nurses responsible for in-service training regarding the current challenges of continuing education, highlighting the contributions of clinical supervision in nursing to its improvement. It also sought to analyse the impact of in-service training on nurses’ professional development, identify facilitating and hindering factors in the development of the annual training plan, recognise the main barriers to inservice training and understand the contributions of clinical supervision to improving this process. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study was conducted with 7 nurses holding responsibilities for in-service training in hospital settings. Participants were selected using a snowball sampling method, and data were collected through a focus group. The data were analysed using content analysis, following the methodology proposed by Bardin, in compliance with ethical principles for health research. The results show that nurses perceive in-service training as crucial for scientific updating, skills development and improvement of care quality, while simultaneously recognising challenges related to lack of time, workload pressure, limited resources and insufficient institutional recognition. Clinical supervision in nursing is identified as a central element for improving in-service training, as it promotes reflective practice, professional development and the implementation of more participatory and context-based training strategies. It is concluded that clinical supervision in nursing constitutes an essential foundation for addressing the current challenges of continuing education, contributing to more structured, reflective and quality- and safety-oriented training processes.
Continuing education in nursing is an essential element for professional development and for ensuring the quality and safety of health care. Among the different training modalities, in-service training plays a particularly important role, as it takes place in real clinical practice settings and responds directly to the concrete needs of professionals. In this context, clinical supervision in nursing emerges as a fundamental pedagogical and organisational resource for enhancing training processes. The present study aimed to understand the perceptions of nurses responsible for in-service training regarding the current challenges of continuing education, highlighting the contributions of clinical supervision in nursing to its improvement. It also sought to analyse the impact of in-service training on nurses’ professional development, identify facilitating and hindering factors in the development of the annual training plan, recognise the main barriers to inservice training and understand the contributions of clinical supervision to improving this process. A qualitative, exploratory and descriptive study was conducted with 7 nurses holding responsibilities for in-service training in hospital settings. Participants were selected using a snowball sampling method, and data were collected through a focus group. The data were analysed using content analysis, following the methodology proposed by Bardin, in compliance with ethical principles for health research. The results show that nurses perceive in-service training as crucial for scientific updating, skills development and improvement of care quality, while simultaneously recognising challenges related to lack of time, workload pressure, limited resources and insufficient institutional recognition. Clinical supervision in nursing is identified as a central element for improving in-service training, as it promotes reflective practice, professional development and the implementation of more participatory and context-based training strategies. It is concluded that clinical supervision in nursing constitutes an essential foundation for addressing the current challenges of continuing education, contributing to more structured, reflective and quality- and safety-oriented training processes.
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Palavras-chave
Formação contínua Supervisão clínica Qualidade dos cuidados Enfermagem