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A Leptospirose bovina
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Abstract(s)
A leptospirose é uma doença zoonótica com uma distribuição mundial que pode
afectar a maioria dos mamíferos. A doença é causada pela bactéria do género Leptospira,
existindo mais de 60 espécies e 300 serovares. A leptospirose bovina é provocada
principalmente pela infecção pelo serovar Hardjo, apesar de numerosos serovares poderem
infetar e causar leptospirose nos bovinos. A forma crónica da doença é a principal forma da
doença nos bovinos, responsável por importantes perdas económicas, provocando falhas
reprodutivas, nomeadamente abortos, infertilidade e mortinatalidade. As leptospiras podem
ser isoladas dos rins e do trato reprodutor dos animais infetados e a transmissão pode
ocorrer por contato directo com animais infetados ou indiretamente através do ambiente
contaminado. O diagnóstico clínico é geralmente difícil, pois os animais manifestam poucos
sinais clínicos e geralmente são inespecíficos. O diagnóstico laboratorial é laborioso pela
dificuldade em cultivar e isolar as bactérias. O teste de micro-aglutinação (MAT) é o teste
serológico de referência mas a sua interpretação é difícil, principalmente na fase crónica da
doença. O controlo da leptospirose é baseado na gestão do meio ambiental, na vacinação e
na implementação duma antibioterapia com objectivo da cura bacteriológica, da diminuição
do risco de transmissão dentro do rebanho e da diminuição das perdas devido a falhas
reprodutivas.
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with a global distribution that affects most mammals. The disease is caused by bacteria to genus of Leptospira, with more than 60 species and 300 serovars. Bovine leptospirosis is caused mainly by infection with serovar Hardjo, but numerous serovars can affect and cause leptospirosis in cattle. The chronic form of the disease is the most frequent presentation in cattle, responsible for important economic losses, causing reproductive failures, mainly abortion, sterility and stillbirth. Leptospires can be isolated from the kidneys and reproductive tract of infected animals and transmission can occur through direct contact with infected animals or indirectly through contaminated environment. The clinical diagnosis is generally difficult, because the animals express few clinical signs, which are generally nonspecific. Laboratory diagnosis is laborious due to the difficulty in cultivating and isolating bacteria. The microagglutination test (MAT) is the serological test, but its interpretation is difficult, especially in the chronic phase of the disease. Leptospirosis control is based on environmental management, vaccination and the implementation of antibiotherapy with the aim of a bacteriological cure, a reduction in the risk of transmission within the herd and a reduction in losses due to reproductive failures
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with a global distribution that affects most mammals. The disease is caused by bacteria to genus of Leptospira, with more than 60 species and 300 serovars. Bovine leptospirosis is caused mainly by infection with serovar Hardjo, but numerous serovars can affect and cause leptospirosis in cattle. The chronic form of the disease is the most frequent presentation in cattle, responsible for important economic losses, causing reproductive failures, mainly abortion, sterility and stillbirth. Leptospires can be isolated from the kidneys and reproductive tract of infected animals and transmission can occur through direct contact with infected animals or indirectly through contaminated environment. The clinical diagnosis is generally difficult, because the animals express few clinical signs, which are generally nonspecific. Laboratory diagnosis is laborious due to the difficulty in cultivating and isolating bacteria. The microagglutination test (MAT) is the serological test, but its interpretation is difficult, especially in the chronic phase of the disease. Leptospirosis control is based on environmental management, vaccination and the implementation of antibiotherapy with the aim of a bacteriological cure, a reduction in the risk of transmission within the herd and a reduction in losses due to reproductive failures
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Keywords
Aborto Leptospirose MAT Vacinação Abortion Leptospirosis MAT Vaccination