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Authors
Abstract(s)
Mudanças climáticas, anormalidades ambientais, escassez de recursos humanos e assuntos de segurança nacional são problemáticas que têm pressionado as comunidades científicas, civis e militares para a investigação e estudo de USV (Unmanned Surface Vehicle). VENT-SUP-EN é um projeto do CINAV que visa a construção de um Veículo Não Tripulado de Superfície, capaz de operar em qualquer ambiente marítimo, como resposta aos problemas atuais.
Como contributo para o projeto detalhado deste veículo, o trabalho foi conduzido tendo por base três objetivos: fazer um estudo inicial dos sensores que podem equipar o veículo a ser construído; construir e operacionalizar o sistema de sensores básico para navegação; fazer o projeto, fabrico e teste das antenas do sistema de telecomunicações do veículo.
Numa primeira fase, foi feito um estudo sobre os sensores que deverão equipar o veículo, com recurso a uma abordagem teórica, seguindo-se a escolha desses sensores e finalmente a integração dos sensores básicos de navegação (GPS e IMU) no sistema.
Para o sistema de telecomunicações foram dimensionadas e otimizadas antenas, de forma a construir um sistema adaptado às especificações impostas. Construíram-se duas antenas: uma na banda dos 433 MHz (monopolo de fios) e outra na banda dos 2,4 GHz (monopolo impresso). Tendo em conta os aspetos teóricos, as antenas foram dimensionadas e otimizadas utilizando programas de simulação numérica, construídas em laboratório, e medidas as suas impedâncias de entrada. Para o protótipo de 2,4 GHz foi ainda medido o diagrama de radiação em câmara anecoica.
Como prova de conceito foram integrados os sistemas desenvolvidos, tendo-se realizado testes à capacidade do sistema, com recurso a uma plataforma que simula o mastro do veículo colocado numa embarcação, à medida que esta se afasta da estação em terra. Foram medidos vários parâmetros para que as valências do sistema fossem avaliadas consoante a distância entre a estação em terra e o navio.
Climate changes, environmental never before seen phenomenon, resource scarcity, and national security issues are problems that have pressured the civil and military scientific communities to investigate and study USV (Unmanned Surface Vehicle). VENT-SUP-EN is a CINAV project that aims to build a maritime Surface Unmanned Vehicle in response to those current problems. As a contribution to the detailed design of this vehicle, the work was conducted based on three main goals: to carry out an initial study of the sensors that can gear up the vehicle; to build and test the basic navigation sensor system; to design, fabricate and test all of the vehicle’s telecommunication system antennas. On a first phase, a study was made about which sensors should be built into the vehicle, using a theoretical approach, followed by the choice of these sensors and, finally, the integration of basic navigation sensors (GPS and IMU) in the system. For the telecommunications system, antennas were designed and optimized, in order to build a customized system fulfilling the specifications. Two antennas were built: one in the 433 MHz band (wire monopole) and one in the 2.4 GHz band (printed monopole). Taking into account the theoretical aspects, they were designed using simulation software tools, fabricated in a laboratory, and input impedance measured. Moreover, for the 2,4 GHz prototype, the radiation pattern was measured in an anechoic chamber. As a proof of concept, the systems developed so far have been integrated, and the system capacity tests were carried out using a platform that simulates the mast of the vehicle placed on a boat as it moves away from the station at shore. Several parameters were measured so that the system’s performance could be evaluated according to the distance between the station at shore and the ship.
Climate changes, environmental never before seen phenomenon, resource scarcity, and national security issues are problems that have pressured the civil and military scientific communities to investigate and study USV (Unmanned Surface Vehicle). VENT-SUP-EN is a CINAV project that aims to build a maritime Surface Unmanned Vehicle in response to those current problems. As a contribution to the detailed design of this vehicle, the work was conducted based on three main goals: to carry out an initial study of the sensors that can gear up the vehicle; to build and test the basic navigation sensor system; to design, fabricate and test all of the vehicle’s telecommunication system antennas. On a first phase, a study was made about which sensors should be built into the vehicle, using a theoretical approach, followed by the choice of these sensors and, finally, the integration of basic navigation sensors (GPS and IMU) in the system. For the telecommunications system, antennas were designed and optimized, in order to build a customized system fulfilling the specifications. Two antennas were built: one in the 433 MHz band (wire monopole) and one in the 2.4 GHz band (printed monopole). Taking into account the theoretical aspects, they were designed using simulation software tools, fabricated in a laboratory, and input impedance measured. Moreover, for the 2,4 GHz prototype, the radiation pattern was measured in an anechoic chamber. As a proof of concept, the systems developed so far have been integrated, and the system capacity tests were carried out using a platform that simulates the mast of the vehicle placed on a boat as it moves away from the station at shore. Several parameters were measured so that the system’s performance could be evaluated according to the distance between the station at shore and the ship.
Description
Keywords
VENT-SUP-EN Sistema de Telecomunicações Instrumentação Antenas monopolo