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Authors
Abstract(s)
A entidade responsável pela segurança e o bom comportamento ambiental dos
navios é International Maritime Organization (IMO). A IMO tem vindo a regulamentar
as emissões de SOx, NOx, PM e CO2.
Os navios devem cumprir a regulamentação estalecida pela IMO referente às
zonas ECA, e isso só poderá ser feito se as entidades conseguirem arranjar soluções de
forma a atingir os objetivos estabelecidos. Tentar mudar o tipo de combustível utilizado
de modo a diminuir as emissões poluentes sem que seja necessário mudar o sistema de
propulsão, promover a instalação de equipamentos que reduzam os poluentes
provenientes dos gases de evacuação, ou converter todo o sistema de propulsão para uma
tecnologia que seja mais “amiga” do ambiente, são algumas das opções disponíveis.
Na presente Dissertação de Mestrado é exposto o modo de funcionamento de
vários sistemas e tecnologias que são capazes de atuar em conformidade com a legislação
definida pela IMO. Vários exemplos de navios com fins militares são enumerados que
têm como instalação sistemas de propulsão e tecnologia capazes de melhorar o
desempenho dos sistemas de propulsão convencionais em termos ambientais e é também
referido o estado da arte de equipamentos e sistemas de propulsão.
O estudo energético é realizado nos sistemas de propulsão mais viáveis para a
instalação num navio da Marinha de Guerra Portuguesa, que ao usarem diferentes
combustíveis terão diferentes consumos e autonomias.
Sendo, como conclusão, a necessidade de análise de alguns sistemas e tecnologias
de redução de emissões bastante importantes para uma futura instalação num navio de
guerra.
The responsible entity for the security and good environmental behaviour in ships is the International Maritime Organization (IMO). IMO has been regulating SOx, NOx, PM and CO2 emissions. Ships must comply the regulations established by the IMO regarding ECA zones. This can only be done if the entities are able to find alternatives to achieve the established results, as attempting in any way to change the type of fuel used in order to reduce polluting emissions without having to change the propulsion system, installing equipment that reduces pollutants from exhaust gases or convert the entire propulsion system to a technology that is more “environmentally friendly”. In this disertation it is exposed how several systems and technologies that can perform in accordance with IMO legislations, works. Several examples of military ships that have propulsion systems and technology capable of improving the behaviour of conventional propulsion system in environmental terms, are listed as well as the state of art of equipment and propulsion systems. An energetic study is carried out on the most viable propulsion systems for installation on a Portuguese Navy ship, which when using different fuels will have different consumption and autonomy. As a conclusion, the need to analysis some emission reduction systems and technologies is very important for a future installation on a warship.
The responsible entity for the security and good environmental behaviour in ships is the International Maritime Organization (IMO). IMO has been regulating SOx, NOx, PM and CO2 emissions. Ships must comply the regulations established by the IMO regarding ECA zones. This can only be done if the entities are able to find alternatives to achieve the established results, as attempting in any way to change the type of fuel used in order to reduce polluting emissions without having to change the propulsion system, installing equipment that reduces pollutants from exhaust gases or convert the entire propulsion system to a technology that is more “environmentally friendly”. In this disertation it is exposed how several systems and technologies that can perform in accordance with IMO legislations, works. Several examples of military ships that have propulsion systems and technology capable of improving the behaviour of conventional propulsion system in environmental terms, are listed as well as the state of art of equipment and propulsion systems. An energetic study is carried out on the most viable propulsion systems for installation on a Portuguese Navy ship, which when using different fuels will have different consumption and autonomy. As a conclusion, the need to analysis some emission reduction systems and technologies is very important for a future installation on a warship.
Description
Keywords
IMO Zonas ECA. Combustível Sistemas de propulsão