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Abstract(s)
A existência do risco é irrefutável. Tudo e todos estão incessantemente expostos
ao risco, podendo este ser de diversos tipos e apresentar diferentes magnitudes. Para
um decisor, é importante a análise dos riscos subjacentes à atividade da sua
responsabilidade, para que, de uma forma mais consciente os possa transferir, mitigar
ou aceitar. Num contexto de pressão considerável, as fronteiras externas da UE
enfrentam diversos riscos, desde o tráfico e contrabando à migração ilegal. Devido a
uma panóplia de fatores, como conflitos bélicos ou pobreza extrema, tem se verificado
um êxodo para a UE, algo que exerce pressão nas suas fronteiras. Nessa afluência de
pessoas às fronteiras externas da UE, tanto vêm pessoas inocentes em busca de um
futuro melhor, como criminosos. Nesse sentido, surge o projeto ARESIBO, no qual a
presente dissertação se integra. Uma parte constituinte do sistema a desenvolver, e que
tem um peso um considerável no mesmo, é uma estrutura para apoiar a análise de risco.
Na presente dissertação, encontra-se o planeamento e desenvolvimento de uma parte
constituinte dessa estrutura de análise de risco, uma ontologia. A designada ontologia
serve de base de conhecimento, organizado e relacionado, de conceitos de análise de
risco retirados do CIRAM e normas ISO. Por fim e por forma a efetuar a prova de conceito
da aplicabilidade da ontologia a um cenário de risco, submeteu-se a mesma a uma
avaliação com base na metodologia ROMEO e na verificação de requisitos, direcionados
para cenários de risco. De modo a verificar os últimos, testou-se a ontologia recorrendo
a um cenário conceptual, específico para a ação ilícita da transposição de fronteiras
terrestres. Dessa forma, verificou-se que a ontologia produziu as informações
pretendidas, tendo assim sido efetuada a prova de conceito da mesma, no contexto do
cenário conceptual. Ficou dessa forma demonstrada, a viabilidade da utilização de
ontologias na conjuntura do apoio à análise de risco.
The existence of risk is irrefutable. Everything and everyone are constantly exposed to risk, and it can be of different types and present different magnitudes. For a decision taker it is important to analyze the risks underlying the activity of their responsibility, so that, in a more conscious way, they can transfer, mitigate or accept them. In a context of considerable pressure, the EU's external borders face several risks, from trafficking and smuggling to illegal migration. Due to a panoply of factors, such as war conflicts or extreme poverty, there has been an exodus to the EU, something that puts pressure on its borders. In this influx of people to the EU's external borders, both innocent pe ople and criminals come in search of a better future. In this sense, the ARESIBO project emerges, in which this dissertation is integrated. A constituent part of the system to be developed, and which has a considerable weight in it, is a framework to support risk analysis. In this dissertation, we find the planning and development of a constituent part of this risk analysis structure, an ontology. The so-called ontology serves as an organized and related knowledge base of concepts of risk analysis taken from CIRAM and ISO standards. Finally, to carry out proof of concept of the applicability of ontology to a risk scenario, it underwent an assessment based on ROMEO methodology and requirements verification, directed to risk scenarios. To verify the latter, the ontology was tested using a conceptual scenario, specific to the illegal action of the transposition of land borders. In that way, it was found that the ontology produced the desired information, thus having been carried out the proof of concept, in the context of the conceptual scenario. Thus, the feasibility of using ontologies in the context of support for risk analysis was demonstrated.
The existence of risk is irrefutable. Everything and everyone are constantly exposed to risk, and it can be of different types and present different magnitudes. For a decision taker it is important to analyze the risks underlying the activity of their responsibility, so that, in a more conscious way, they can transfer, mitigate or accept them. In a context of considerable pressure, the EU's external borders face several risks, from trafficking and smuggling to illegal migration. Due to a panoply of factors, such as war conflicts or extreme poverty, there has been an exodus to the EU, something that puts pressure on its borders. In this influx of people to the EU's external borders, both innocent pe ople and criminals come in search of a better future. In this sense, the ARESIBO project emerges, in which this dissertation is integrated. A constituent part of the system to be developed, and which has a considerable weight in it, is a framework to support risk analysis. In this dissertation, we find the planning and development of a constituent part of this risk analysis structure, an ontology. The so-called ontology serves as an organized and related knowledge base of concepts of risk analysis taken from CIRAM and ISO standards. Finally, to carry out proof of concept of the applicability of ontology to a risk scenario, it underwent an assessment based on ROMEO methodology and requirements verification, directed to risk scenarios. To verify the latter, the ontology was tested using a conceptual scenario, specific to the illegal action of the transposition of land borders. In that way, it was found that the ontology produced the desired information, thus having been carried out the proof of concept, in the context of the conceptual scenario. Thus, the feasibility of using ontologies in the context of support for risk analysis was demonstrated.
Description
Keywords
Análise de Risco ARESIBO Ontologia Representação de Conhecimento Risco