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Abstract(s)
A Grande Guerra foi o primeiro conflito armado à escala mundial, e teve o seu começo na Europa numa altura em que o equilíbrio de poder que se mantinha através
de uma rede complexa de alianças militares, foi quebrado com o assassinato do herdeiro da coroa austríaca. Sendo Portugal aliado militar da Inglaterra foi sempre do
seu interesse, apesar de alguma contestação por parte de alguns partidos e populares, a afirmação do seu lugar no conflito ao lado da sua aliada. Não só para afirmação internacional de um novo regime e governo mas também para garantir a soberania de Portugal nas colónias africanas que era ameaçada pela aproximação que tinha com protetorados alemães.
Neste sentido tornou-se necessário o reforço do efetivo militar em Angola, visto
que a ameaça alemã crescia. Nas forças que seguiram para Angola encontrava-se um
Batalhão constituído por forças de Marinha, que se organizou apenas em cinco dias.
Assim a 5 de novembro de 1914 seguiu para Angola o Batalhão de Marinha
Expedicionário a Angola com um efetivo de 18 oficiais, 32 sargentos e 509 praças.
Durante a sua permanência na colónia, o Batalhão enfrentou imensas
dificuldades pelas longas marchas que realizou de posto em posto, no ambiente quente, seco e arenoso que era o de Angola. Teve os seus momentos altos perto do fim da sua expedição, já sob o comando do General Pereira d’Eça, quando viveu o seu batismo de fogo num combate com o gentio do Humbe e quando participou no combate pelas cacimbas da Môngua, cuja vitória garantiu a soberania portuguesa no Cuanhama. O Batalhão teve o seu regresso a Lisboa no dia 15 de Outubro, quase um ano depois de ter partido para garantir a soberania de Portugal em Angola.
The Great War was the first armed conflict in a world-wide scale, and it had its beginning in Europe in a time in which the balance of power that was maintained through a complex network of military alliances, was broken with the assassination of the heir to the Austria-Hungary throne. Being Portugal a military ally to England, it was always of its interest, despite the disapproval of some political parties and people, the affirmation of its place next to England in the conflict. Not only for the international affirm of its new regime and government, but also to guarantee its sovereignty in the African colonies that were threatened by the closeness to the German protectorates. Because of this it became necessary the reinforcement of the troops in Angola, as the German threat continued to grow. Among the forces sent to Angola was a Battalion constituted by Navy military, which was organized in only 5 days. In 5 November 1914 the Navy Expeditionary Battalion to Angola to Mossâmedes, containing 18 officers, 32 sergeants and 509 enlisted. During its stay in the African colony, the Battalion faced lots of difficulties because of the long marches that it had make through the hot, dry and sandy environment felt in Angola. The Battalion had its highlights near the end of the expedition, already under the command of General Pereira d’Eça, when it had its first action in a fight against the people of Humbe and when it participated in the battle over the Môngua, in which the victory guaranteed the Portuguese sovereignty over the Cuanhama region. The Battalion had its return to Lisbon on the 15 th October 1915, almost a yearafter it left to guarantee the Portuguese sovereignty in Angola.
The Great War was the first armed conflict in a world-wide scale, and it had its beginning in Europe in a time in which the balance of power that was maintained through a complex network of military alliances, was broken with the assassination of the heir to the Austria-Hungary throne. Being Portugal a military ally to England, it was always of its interest, despite the disapproval of some political parties and people, the affirmation of its place next to England in the conflict. Not only for the international affirm of its new regime and government, but also to guarantee its sovereignty in the African colonies that were threatened by the closeness to the German protectorates. Because of this it became necessary the reinforcement of the troops in Angola, as the German threat continued to grow. Among the forces sent to Angola was a Battalion constituted by Navy military, which was organized in only 5 days. In 5 November 1914 the Navy Expeditionary Battalion to Angola to Mossâmedes, containing 18 officers, 32 sergeants and 509 enlisted. During its stay in the African colony, the Battalion faced lots of difficulties because of the long marches that it had make through the hot, dry and sandy environment felt in Angola. The Battalion had its highlights near the end of the expedition, already under the command of General Pereira d’Eça, when it had its first action in a fight against the people of Humbe and when it participated in the battle over the Môngua, in which the victory guaranteed the Portuguese sovereignty over the Cuanhama region. The Battalion had its return to Lisbon on the 15 th October 1915, almost a yearafter it left to guarantee the Portuguese sovereignty in Angola.
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Keywords
Batalhão de Marinha, Angola, forças expedicionárias, Môngua, Grande Guerra Navy Battalion, Angola, expeditionary forces, Môngua, Great War.