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Famílias unipessoais com uma pessoa idosa: um desafio para o enfermeiro especialista de enfermagem comunitária na área de enfermagem de saúde familiar
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| 4.15 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente relatório explana o desenvolvimento de competências em Enfermagem Comunitária na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar (ECESF), apresentando uma análise crítica do percurso realizado nos estágios de natureza profissional Módulo I e II, desenvolvido numa Unidade de Saúde Familiar (USF), num total de 510 horas.
A família, numa perspetiva sistémica, é reconhecida como um sistema em interação, com relações dinâmicas e complexas, com capacidade auto-organizativa que lhe possibilita assegurar um equilíbrio dinâmico entre crise e estabilidade e mantê-lo ao longo do seu ciclo vital. As transições existentes na última fase do ciclo vital são desafiantes, pois ocorrem mudanças na organização familiar, ao nível dos papéis e regras de cada membro, podendo originar dificuldades de adaptação nos mesmos. Uma dessas alterações reporta-se à composição do agregado familiar, nomeadamente à existência crescente de famílias unipessoais com uma pessoa idosa.
Desta forma, foram delineados objetivos para prestar cuidados a famílias unipessoais com uma pessoa idosa, enquanto unidade de cuidados ao longo do ciclo vital e aos diferentes níveis de prevenção e promover a liderança e colaboração em processos de intervenção na área de Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar. As atividades relacionadas com a prestação de cuidados atenderam à evidência científica, tendo sido utilizado o Modelo Dinâmico de Avaliação e Intervenção Familiar (MDAIF) como referencial teórico e operativo bem como a Teoria das Transições. Foram utilizados instrumentos que possibilitaram a avaliação familiar e dos seus membros, permitindo um processo de cuidados individualizado com vista à modificação positiva do status dos diagnósticos de enfermagem. Assim, estiveram incluídas 6 famílias onde predominou o diagnóstico “precaução de segurança não demonstrada”.
A avaliação e intervenção familiar, bem como a análise dos ganhos em saúde, permitiu desenvolver competências para cuidar das famílias unipessoais com uma pessoa idosa, tendo sido devidamente documentado no aplicativo informático da unidade. Esta documentação é fundamental para registar todas as fases do processo da prestação de cuidados, devendo ser uniformizada. Neste sentido, foram planeadas e realizadas duas sessões de formação à equipa, mediante as necessidades identificadas, para melhorar a documentação dos cuidados.
As atividades desenvolvidas permitiram a compreensão da relação entre as competências comuns e específicas, que apoiadas na evidência científica, permitem ganhos em saúde das famílias como unidade de cuidados e dos seus membros individualmente.
This report explores the development of skills in Community Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing (ECESF), presenting a critical analysis of the course taken during the professional internship Module I and II, developed in a Family Health Unit (USF), in a total of 510 hours. From a systemic perspective, the family is recognized as a system in interaction, with dynamic and complex relationships, with a self-organizing capacity that enables it to ensure a dynamic balance between crisis and stability and maintain it throughout its life cycle. The transitions that occur in the last phase of the life cycle are challenging, as there are changes in family organization, in terms of the roles and rules of each member, which can lead to difficulties in adapting. One of these changes concerns the composition of the household, namely the growing number of one-person households with an elderly person. In this way, objectives were outlined to provide care to single-person families with an elderly person, as a unit of care throughout the life cycle and at different levels of prevention, and to promote leadership and collaboration in intervention processes in the area of Family Health Nursing. The activities related to the provision of care were based on scientific evidence, using the Dynamic Model of Family Assessment and Intervention (MDAIF) as a theoretical and operative reference, as well as the Transitions Theory. Instruments were used to assess the family and its members, enabling an individualized care process aimed at positively changing the status of the nursing diagnoses. Thus, 6 families were included where the diagnosis "safety precaution not demonstrated" predominated. The family assessment and intervention, as well as the analysis of health gains, made it possible to develop skills for caring for single-person families with an elderly person, and were duly documented in the unit's computer application. This documentation is essential for recording all stages of the care process and should be standardized. To this end, two training sessions were planned and held for the team, based on the needs identified, to improve the documentation of care. The activities carried out made it possible to understand the relationship between common and specific skills, which, supported by scientific evidence, enable health gains for families as a unit of care and for their individual members.
This report explores the development of skills in Community Nursing in the area of Family Health Nursing (ECESF), presenting a critical analysis of the course taken during the professional internship Module I and II, developed in a Family Health Unit (USF), in a total of 510 hours. From a systemic perspective, the family is recognized as a system in interaction, with dynamic and complex relationships, with a self-organizing capacity that enables it to ensure a dynamic balance between crisis and stability and maintain it throughout its life cycle. The transitions that occur in the last phase of the life cycle are challenging, as there are changes in family organization, in terms of the roles and rules of each member, which can lead to difficulties in adapting. One of these changes concerns the composition of the household, namely the growing number of one-person households with an elderly person. In this way, objectives were outlined to provide care to single-person families with an elderly person, as a unit of care throughout the life cycle and at different levels of prevention, and to promote leadership and collaboration in intervention processes in the area of Family Health Nursing. The activities related to the provision of care were based on scientific evidence, using the Dynamic Model of Family Assessment and Intervention (MDAIF) as a theoretical and operative reference, as well as the Transitions Theory. Instruments were used to assess the family and its members, enabling an individualized care process aimed at positively changing the status of the nursing diagnoses. Thus, 6 families were included where the diagnosis "safety precaution not demonstrated" predominated. The family assessment and intervention, as well as the analysis of health gains, made it possible to develop skills for caring for single-person families with an elderly person, and were duly documented in the unit's computer application. This documentation is essential for recording all stages of the care process and should be standardized. To this end, two training sessions were planned and held for the team, based on the needs identified, to improve the documentation of care. The activities carried out made it possible to understand the relationship between common and specific skills, which, supported by scientific evidence, enable health gains for families as a unit of care and for their individual members.
Description
Keywords
Saúde da família Famílias unipessoais Enfermagem Envelhecimento Relatório de estágio