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Modelo geral da agressão (GAM) e genética : estudo exploratório para uma população universitária
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Abstract(s)
Enquadramento: A agressão é definida como um comportamento intencional com objetivo de causar dor ou dano ao outro. Este comportamento pode ser físico, mental ou verbal. A agressão não é só intencional como possui também uma natureza interpessoal. A literatura tem relacionado a agressão com as experiências adversas na infância, personalidade, stress e com a genética. Objetivo: Contributo para a análise integrada do conceito de agressão e sua relação com a componente genética, tendo em conta o Modelo Geral da Agressão. Participantes: A amostra é composta por 93 estudantes universitários, com idades compreendidas entre os 17 e os 40 anos (M=20.9, DP=2.9). Dos 93, 12 são homens (12.9%) e 81 são mulheres (87.1%). A amostra foi recolhida no âmbito do projeto de investigação mais abrangente sobre “Agressividade e genética em contexto Universitário”. Método: Os participantes responderam a uma bateria de testes psicológicos constituída por um questionário sociodemográfico, o Questionário de Experiências Adversas na Infância (ACE) avalia a história de experiências adversas na infância, NEO-Five Factor Inventory-3 (NEO-FFI-3) avalia as cinco dimensões da personalidade, Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS) avalia o índice global de stress, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire – Short Form (BPAQ-SF) avalia as formas de agressão e Reactive/Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPQ) avalia a agressão reativa e proativa. Foi ainda realizada a recolha do material genético através da swab bucal, para estudar os polimorfismos da serotonina e dopamina, que surgem associados à agressão. Resultados: A subescala experiências adversas contra o indivíduo apresentou correlações estatisticamente positivas fracas com as formas e funções da agressão. A dimensão Neuroticismo e Amabilidade, respetivamente, apresentaram correlações estatisticamente positivas e negativas com as formas e funções da agressão. O índice global de stress apresentou correlações estatisticamente positivas moderadas com as formas e funções da agressão. Conclusão: Observou-se a relação entre as variáveis experiências adversas na infância, personalidade e stress e as formas e função da agressão, tal como definido no Modelo Geral da Agressão. Não se verificou o impacto das variáveis genéticas. Limitações associadas ao tipo de amostra estudada (composta na maioria por mulheres) pode explicar os resultados obtidos.
Background: Aggression is defined as intentional behaviour aimed at causing pain or harm to another person. This behaviour can be physical, mental or verbal. Aggression is not only intentional but also interpersonal in nature. The literature has related aggression with adverse childhood experiences, personality, stress and genetics. Objective: Contribution to the integrated analysis of the concept of aggression and its relationship with the genetic component, taking into account the General Aggression Model. Participants: The sample consists of 93 university students, aged between 17 and 40 years (M=20.9, SD=2.9). Of the 93, 12 are male (12.9%) and 81 are female (87.1%). The sample was collected within the scope of the research project "Aggressiveness and genetics in a university context". Method: Participants answered a battery of psychological tests consisting of a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Childhood History Questionnaire (ACE) assesses the history of adverse childhood experiences, NEO-Five Factor Inventory-3 (NEO-FFI-3) assesses the five dimensions of personality, Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS) assesses the overall stress index, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire - Short Form (BPAQ-SF) assesses the forms of aggression and Reactive/Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPQ) assesses reactive and proactive aggression. Genetic material was also collected through a buccal swab to study serotonin and dopamine polymorphisms, which are associated with aggression. Results: The subscale adverse experiences against the individual showed statistically weak positive correlations with the forms and functions of aggression. The Neuroticism and Amiability dimensions, respectively, showed statistically positive and negative correlations with the forms and functions of aggression. The global stress index showed statistically moderate positive correlations with the forms and functions of aggression. Conclusion: A relationship was observed between the variables adverse childhood experiences, personality and stress and the forms and function of aggression, as defined in the General Aggression Model. The impact of genetic variables was not found. Limitations associated with the type of sample studied (mostly composed of women) may explain the results obtained.
Background: Aggression is defined as intentional behaviour aimed at causing pain or harm to another person. This behaviour can be physical, mental or verbal. Aggression is not only intentional but also interpersonal in nature. The literature has related aggression with adverse childhood experiences, personality, stress and genetics. Objective: Contribution to the integrated analysis of the concept of aggression and its relationship with the genetic component, taking into account the General Aggression Model. Participants: The sample consists of 93 university students, aged between 17 and 40 years (M=20.9, SD=2.9). Of the 93, 12 are male (12.9%) and 81 are female (87.1%). The sample was collected within the scope of the research project "Aggressiveness and genetics in a university context". Method: Participants answered a battery of psychological tests consisting of a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Childhood History Questionnaire (ACE) assesses the history of adverse childhood experiences, NEO-Five Factor Inventory-3 (NEO-FFI-3) assesses the five dimensions of personality, Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS) assesses the overall stress index, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire - Short Form (BPAQ-SF) assesses the forms of aggression and Reactive/Proactive Aggression Questionnaire (RPQ) assesses reactive and proactive aggression. Genetic material was also collected through a buccal swab to study serotonin and dopamine polymorphisms, which are associated with aggression. Results: The subscale adverse experiences against the individual showed statistically weak positive correlations with the forms and functions of aggression. The Neuroticism and Amiability dimensions, respectively, showed statistically positive and negative correlations with the forms and functions of aggression. The global stress index showed statistically moderate positive correlations with the forms and functions of aggression. Conclusion: A relationship was observed between the variables adverse childhood experiences, personality and stress and the forms and function of aggression, as defined in the General Aggression Model. The impact of genetic variables was not found. Limitations associated with the type of sample studied (mostly composed of women) may explain the results obtained.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz
Keywords
Modelo geral da agressão Experiências na infância Personalidade Stress Genética Serotonina Dopamina