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Intervenções de enfermagem à pessoa idosa com dor crónica e família, com procedimentos invasivos, para a promoção do cuidado de si
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Abstract(s)
A dor crónica é uma doença frequente na pessoa idosa, com impacto reconhecido nas
suas atividades de vida diárias, pelas limitações funcionais que interferem com a sua
autonomia, independência, e condicionam a sua qualidade de vida. O crescente
envelhecimento da população associado à prevalência das doenças crónicas e da
multimorbilidade na pessoa idosa, representam um desafio para o tratamento desta patologia.
Esta realidade aliada à nossa vivência profissional, foi partilhada pela equipa de saúde,
e reforçou a necessidade de desenvolver um plano de intervenção em parceria, para uma
prestação de cuidados centrados na pessoa idosa com dor crónica e família, quando
submetida a procedimentos invasivos para o controlo da dor, adaptados à sua singularidade.
A metodologia assentou na metodologia de projeto, o alicerce teórico de enfermagem
foi o Modelo de Parceria de Gomes (2021). Desenvolvemos dois estágios um num Centro
Multidisciplinar de Dor e outro numa Unidade de Saúde Familiar, na região de Lisboa e Vale
do Tejo. Como ponto de partida do projeto desenvolvemos uma investigação que tomou por
objeto de estudo as intervenções de enfermagem à pessoa idosa com dor crónica e família
com procedimentos invasivos, sendo objetivos do projeto a identificação dos fatores
contribuintes para a melhoria dos cuidados prestados à pessoa idosa com dor crónica e
família e, o desenho e implementação de um plano de intervenções desenvolvidas em
parceria com a pessoa idosa, família e equipa de enfermagem, com a finalidade de promover
a capacitação para o Cuidado -de -Si.
A recolha de dados decorreu entre outubro de 2021 e janeiro de 2022. Participaram
no estudo pessoas idosas com idade igual ou superior a 65 anos, com dor crónica submetidas
a procedimentos invasivos num centro multidisciplinar de dor e os enfermeiros da mesma
instituição. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, recorrendo ao focus group, com uma amostra
intencional de enfermeiros, e à entrevista semiestruturada na abordagem às pessoas idosas
submetidas a procedimentos invasivos para o controlo da dor crónica.
Dos resultados emergiram um conjunto de pressupostos que definiram o
enquadramento para a implementação de um guião orientador para a estruturação dos
cuidados à pessoa idosa e família submetidas a procedimentos invasivos para o controlo da
dor crónica, com base num modelo de cuidados, respondendo às necessidades da pessoa
idosa e família e promovendo a continuidade dos cuidados.
O percurso realizado permitiu o desenvolvimento de competências como enfermeira
especialista e mestre na área da intervenção à pessoa idosa, e o desenvolvimento de
competências da equipa de enfermagem no cuidado à pessoa idosa com dor crónica e família
com procedimentos invasivos, para a promoção do Cuidado -de -Si.
Chronic pain is a frequent disease in the elderly, with a recognized impact on their daily activities, due to the functional limitations that interfere with their autonomy, independence, and condition their quality of life. The increasing aging of the population associated with the prevalence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity in the elderly represent a challenge for the treatment of this pathology. This reality, combined with our professional experience, was shared by the health team, and reinforced the need to develop an intervention plan in partnership, for the provision of care centered on the elderly with chronic pain and family, when subjected to invasive procedures for the pain control, adapted to your uniqueness. The methodology was based on the project methodology, the theoretical foundation of nursing was the Partnership Model by Gomes (2021). We developed two internships, one in a Multidisciplinary Pain Center and the other in a Family Health Unit, in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley region. As a starting point for the project, we developed an investigation that studied nursing interventions for elderly people with chronic pain and families with invasive procedures. chronic pain and family, and the design and implementation of an intervention plan developed in partnership with the elderly person, family and nursing team, with the aim of promoting training for self-care. Data collection took place between October 2021 and January 2022. Elderly people aged 65 years and over, with chronic pain undergoing invasive procedures in a multidisciplinary pain center and nurses from the same institution participated in the study. A qualitative study was carried out, using a focus group, with an intentional sample of nurses, and a semi-structured interview in approaching elderly people undergoing invasive procedures to control chronic pain. From the results, a set of assumptions emerged that defined the framework for the implementation of a guideline for the structuring of care for the elderly and family submitted to invasive procedures for the control of chronic pain, based on a care model, responding to the needs of the elderly person and family and promoting continuity of care. The route taken allowed the development of skills as a specialist nurse and master in the area of intervention for the elderly, and the development of skills of the nursing team in the care of elderly people with chronic pain and families with invasive procedures, for the promotion of Care - of -Si.
Chronic pain is a frequent disease in the elderly, with a recognized impact on their daily activities, due to the functional limitations that interfere with their autonomy, independence, and condition their quality of life. The increasing aging of the population associated with the prevalence of chronic diseases and multimorbidity in the elderly represent a challenge for the treatment of this pathology. This reality, combined with our professional experience, was shared by the health team, and reinforced the need to develop an intervention plan in partnership, for the provision of care centered on the elderly with chronic pain and family, when subjected to invasive procedures for the pain control, adapted to your uniqueness. The methodology was based on the project methodology, the theoretical foundation of nursing was the Partnership Model by Gomes (2021). We developed two internships, one in a Multidisciplinary Pain Center and the other in a Family Health Unit, in the Lisbon and Tagus Valley region. As a starting point for the project, we developed an investigation that studied nursing interventions for elderly people with chronic pain and families with invasive procedures. chronic pain and family, and the design and implementation of an intervention plan developed in partnership with the elderly person, family and nursing team, with the aim of promoting training for self-care. Data collection took place between October 2021 and January 2022. Elderly people aged 65 years and over, with chronic pain undergoing invasive procedures in a multidisciplinary pain center and nurses from the same institution participated in the study. A qualitative study was carried out, using a focus group, with an intentional sample of nurses, and a semi-structured interview in approaching elderly people undergoing invasive procedures to control chronic pain. From the results, a set of assumptions emerged that defined the framework for the implementation of a guideline for the structuring of care for the elderly and family submitted to invasive procedures for the control of chronic pain, based on a care model, responding to the needs of the elderly person and family and promoting continuity of care. The route taken allowed the development of skills as a specialist nurse and master in the area of intervention for the elderly, and the development of skills of the nursing team in the care of elderly people with chronic pain and families with invasive procedures, for the promotion of Care - of -Si.
Description
Keywords
Enfermagem geriátrica Idoso Cuidados de enfermagem Autocuidado Dor crónica